Primary Storage: Memory

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Presentation transcript:

Primary Storage: Memory Primary storage is directly accessible by the processor Memory: RAM = random access memory ROM = read only memory PROM/EPROM = programmable ROM RAM is volatile (not retained w/o power) cache, interrupts, memory, flags…

Secondary: Mass Data Storage primary storage is directly accessible by the CPU (RAM, cache memory) secondary storage is not directly accessed data is transferred to primary memory when needed by processor MDS is non-volatile - record and modify information (semi-)permanently

Types of MDS Punched surfaces Magnetic surfaces Optical surfaces - earliest method; human readable - punched cards, punched tape Magnetic surfaces - most widely used - streaming tape, magnetic disks (floppy, hard, zip…) Optical surfaces - most durable - optical disks (CD-ROM, laserdisc, DVD…)

Comparisons of MDS types media: size/capacity: advantages: disadvantages: Floppy 3.5” = 720KB, 1.44MB, 2.88 5 ¼” = 360, 720KB (old) 8” = 180, 360KB (old) inexpensive; shareable slow; effected by magnetic fields, dirt, temp; corruptible Hard ¼, half & full height, 51/4”, 8” = 5MB… 100+GB? fastest not usually portable; not expandable Optical CD = 4.5” = 80-650MBdata/74minAudio Laser = 8”,12” DVD = 3.8 - 17GB massive capacity, high reliability, portability, data & audio standard read only Removable Clik = 25 - 40MB Zip = 100-250MB Jaz = 500M - 2GB SuperDisk (3M - Imation) =120MB faster & more capacity than floppies; read/writeable slower than hard; more expensive than floppies Magneto-optical MO combination of technologies reliable; high capacity expensive; not as fast Flash Memory (newest) solid state storage; memory sticks; flashcards no moving parts, rewritable very expensive; no standard yet