Population Patterns in Chicago: Three Cases Chicago History

Bell Ringer AAGPBL and A League of Their Own Compare each woman’s motivation for joining the league. Dottie Hinson Kit Keller Marla Hooch Doris Murphy Mae Mordabito Evelyn Gardner Betty “Spaghetti” Horn How did the men view the women in the league? Jimmy Dugan Walter Havey Ira Lowenstein

African Americans in WWII Chicago World War I initiated the Great Migration… How do you think WWII affected African Americans? It encouraged a similar relocation like the Great Migration. Between 1940 and 1950, more than two hundred thousand African Americans came to Chicago. Why did African Americans move Chicago during the WWII? What kind of jobs? What do you think happens in the Black Belt? Was not big enough to accommodate the growing African American population. Led to a lower quality of life: bad housing and poor conditions.

Discrimination in the Military American Red Cross Developed the blood bank system. African Americans’ donated blood was segregated from other groups. African Americans in the military often were segregated and trained for menial jobs. Cooks, janitors, and “messmen”. The Chicago Defender leads a crusade… To honor Dorie Miller’s heroism. He was an African American messman who manned a machine gun and shot down four Japanese planes. He was finally awarded the Navy Cross.

The CCRE and Civil Rights Reform In the 1940s, George Houser and James Forman founded the CCRE. Chicago Committee on Racial Equality. What do you think the purpose of the CCRE was? They organized “sit-ins”. The CCRE would serve as the prototype for the Congress on Racial Equality (CORE).

Analyze this picture: What is this man trying to say? How did this picture foreshadow an important movement in the 1960s?

Japanese Internment Camps

Japanese Americans in WWII Chicago Japanese Americans began to arrive in Chicago during WWII. In early 1942, the federal government interned 110,000 Japanese Americans in the western states (Executive Order 9066). Why? Made them live in detention camps. Later in the war, many interned Japanese Americans were allowed to resettle in lands far from the West Coast. Nearly thirty thousand moved to Chicago. Settled in “buffer zones” between white and black neighborhoods. What kind of jobs would they have?

Japanese MIS Soldiers Military Intelligence Service (MIS) Secret corps of Japanese American soldiers that specialized in Translations Interrogations Why were they important in the war effort? Many Japanese MIS soldiers settled in Chicago after the war. Can you explain the irony of the Japanese MIS soldiers and Executive Order 9066?

Italian Americans in WWII Chicago There was already a sizable Italian American population in Chicago during the war. They became the targets of suspicion. During WWII, Italian Americans from Chicago sympathized with Mussolini. Their treatment was similar to German Americans during WWI, but would not be as “violent”. How do you think Italian Americans responded to wartime resentment? They became “Americanized”.

What it means to be American? In groups of 4 or less Assign a recorder and a speaker Which group do you believe suffered the most during the WWII? How did each group show their “patriotic duty” to the US during WWII? Is being “Americanized” a good thing? Why or why not? Today do hyphenated Americans still face the same criticism of not being “real” Americans?