IeCAB2010 held on 1-15 June 2010 Genome Variability and Plant Age Influence Susceptibility to Moisture Stress in the Cultivated Bananas (Musa species)

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Animal, Plant & Soil Science
Advertisements

Do In and Post-Season Plant-Based Measurements Predict Corn Performance and/ or Residual Soil Nitrate? Patrick J. Forrestal, R. Kratochvil, J.J Meisinger.
Corn (Zea mays L.) Leaf Angle and Emergence as Affected by Seed Orientation at Planting Guilherme Torres, Jacob Vossenkemper, William Raun, John Solie.
Influence of different intensities of magnetic field on germination, vegetative growth and some physiological aspects of salinity- stressed cucumber By.
The Effects of Elevated Sea Surface Temperatures on Acropora palmata Larval Survival and Development Carly J. Randall, Andrew M. Miller and Alina M. Szmant,
Results showed in Figure 1 indicated that WE mean for grain pearl millet was higher 84% than corn and 22% than sorghum for the highland location. WE mean.
Effects of Salt Stress on the Stem Length of Arabidopsis thaliana Jacob Phillips Undergraduate Student Biology Health Sciences Concentration Department.
The transferring and management of water and nutrients, and the mechanism of productivity in rice paddy ecosystem Weijun Zhou, Kelin Wang, Kairong Wang.
Responses of Sweet Cherry Productivity and Soil Quality to Alternate Groundcover and Irrigation Systems Xinhua Yin 1, Xiaolan Huang 1, and Lynn Long 2.
Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) for cereal production worldwide is approximately 33% with the remaining 67% representing a $15.9 billion annual loss of Nitrogen.
IeCAB2010 June 1-15 Timing of Bunch Pruning Management Enhances Bunch and Fruit Qualities of ‘PITA 24’ Plantain (Musa AAB) Hybrid 1 Baiyeri, K. P.; 1 Aba,
Yield, Protein, and Quality Response to Planting Date, Variety, and Late N. B.D. Brown. University of Idaho. Introduction Higher market prices for the.
USE OF SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE FOR PREDICTING OPTIMUM PLANTING WINDOW FOR POTATO AT PENGALENGAN Rizaldi Boer Bogor Agricultural University
Module X: Soil Moisture Relationships and Irrigation Lesson 2: Irrigation in Chili Pepper Cultivation After completing this lesson, you have learned to.
A Case Study of Crop Model Applications in an Increasing Diversity of Genetically Modified Traits Girish Badgujar 1, V.R. Reddy 1, K. Raja. Reddy 2, David.
Module X: Soil Moisture Relationships and Irrigation Lesson 1: Soil Moisture Relationships After completing this lesson, you have learned to answer 1.What.
PHOTOSYNTHETIC AND GROWTH RESPONSES OF Populus CLONES I-214 AND ERIDANO TO ELEVATED Zn CONCENTRATIONS JORDI FERNÀNDEZ 1, MASSIMO ZACCHINI 2 and ISABEL.
2 nd International e-Conference on Agricultural Biosciences 2009 Conference website:
Supervisor: MS. FELISTERS NZUVE
Vulnerability of livestock based communities to climate variability and change: insights from Mid-Benin Donald HOUESSOU
Evaluation of the Effects of Plastic Mulches - Red, Black, Olive and Control, on the Growth and Yield of Tomato A. A. James, J. A. Sawtelle, and R. W.
Physiological Maturity and Effect of Seed Priming on Germination Ability of Vegetable Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) Aye Nwe Win 1 (Master of Science.
Ministry of Agriculture
Receding water levels in Ogallala aquifer are threatening the sustainability of irrigated agriculture in the High Plains of Eastern New Mexico and West.
Motive Konza: understanding disease, since there is no apparent reason to manage native pathogens of native plants Also have background information in.
Table 4: Percent green cover for trinexapac-ethyl (TE) treated, overseeded plots Number of Simulated Games PGR † Turfgrass Cover (%) A - No.
Rate and Duration of Seed Component Accumulation in Water Stressed Soybeans José L. Rotundo & Mark Westgate Iowa State University, 1301 Agronomy Hall,
INCIDENCE AND SEVERITY OF BEAN ANTHRACNOSE BY Colletotrichum lindemuthianum ON VARIED AGES OF COMMON BEAN (Phaseolus vulgaris L) INOCULATED USING DIFFERENT.
Effects of salt stress on the stem growth of Arabidopsis thaliana. Jacob Phillips Undergraduate Student Department of Biology Tennessee Technological University.
A Statistical Analysis of Seedlings Planted in the Encampment Forest Association By: Tony Nixon.
An Application of Field Monitoring Data in Estimating Optimal Planting Dates of Cassava in Upper Paddy Field in Northeast Thailand Meeting Notes.
In The Name of God. Subject: The Effect of Application of Biological Phosphate Fertilizer (Fertile 2) and Triple Super Phosphate Chemical Fertilizers.
Jump to first page IeCAB2010 held 1-15 June 2010 Region of Bunch Pruning Influences the Bunch and Fruit Physical Traits of ‘PITA 24’ Plantain (Musa AAB)
Background o Pesticides are broadly used by humans to control and eliminate unwanted species of insects and plants. o More than one billion pounds of pesticides.
Participant 7CASIROZ meeting Antwerpen 27./28. Nov Validation of the ecological significance of former O 3 studies within Defence capacity and age-
Virtual Academy for the Semi Arid Tropics Course on Insect Pests of Groundnut Module 3: Soils and Climatic requirements After completing this lesson, you.
Dr. Lelisa J. Teodosio Aklan State University Banga, Aklan, Philippines Co-Researchers: Dr. Geronimo L. Gregorio, Dr. Elsa I. Abayon, Dr. Cora F. Navarra,
Beard, J. B Turfgrass: Science and culture. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ. Bennett, O. L., and B. D. Doss. Effect of soil moisture level on.
Stability of Douglas-fir genotypes across temperature and moisture regimes: Implications for breeding and climate change Sally N. Aitken and Tongli Wang.
MAIZE INBREED LINES RESISTANCE TO FUSARIUM EAR ROT Branimir Šimić - The Agricultural Institute Osijek, Osijek, CROATIA Jasenka Ćosić - Vlatka Rozman.
NITROGEN FERTIGATION OF SUBSURFACE DRIP IRRIGATED BERMUDAGRASS M.A. Maurer* 1, J.A. Moken 2 and J.L. Young 1 1 Department of Agriculture, Stephen F. Austin.
Development of Vegetation Indices as Economic Thresholds for Control of Defoliating Insects of Soybean James BoardVijay MakaRandy PriceDina KnightMatthew.
Mixture of Saline and Non-Saline Irrigation Water Influences Growth and Yield of Lettuce Cultivars under Greenhouse Conditions A. A. Alsadon, M. A. Wahb-allah,
Effect of Compaction of Soil Surface to Increase Herbicide Effect in Upland Rice Cultivation By THAN TOE DEPUTY SUPERVISOR MYANMAR AGRICULTURE SERVICE.
After successful completion of this Lesson, you have learned to answer: 1.Why sorghum yields are often low when grown under rainfed conditions? 2.How irrigation.
Objectives To evaluate the effects of two simulated drift rates of 2,4-D on non-tolerant cotton at various stages of development. 1 Chandler P. Rowe, 1.
PBG 650 Advanced Plant Breeding
EVALUATING INITIAL PERFORMANCE OF MACROPROPAGATED SEEDLINGS AS COMPARED TO TISSUE CULTURE AND NATURALLY REGENERATED SUCKERS Martha R. Kasyoka 1*, M. Mwangi.
Mobilization of Stem Reserves in Diploid, Tetraploid, and Hexaploid Wheat B. Ehdaie, G.A. Alloush and J.G. Waines Department of Botany and Plant Sciences,
Introduction Methods Results and Discussion Collin Ahrens and Carol Auer Department of Plant Science University of Connecticut Drought and Salinity Tolerance.
THE INHERITANCE OF PLANT HEIGHT IN HEXAPLOID WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) Nataša LJUBIČIĆ 1*, Sofija PETROVIĆ 1, Miodrag DIMITRIJEVIĆ 1, Nikola HRISTOV.
Summary A mass field screening for heat tolerance in a large set of sweetpotato accessions (1973) was carried out in the coastal desert of Northern Peru.
NE: No effect. Data were not significantly different from control. (p
Alex Abaca Robert S. Kawuki Phenehas Tukamuhabwa Yona Baguma
Fig.3. Photoperiod trend during growing season
Evaluation of early drought tolerant maize genotypes under low nitrogen conditions Nyasha E. Goredema1, Ms Nakai Goredema2, Ezekia Svotwa1, Gabriel Soropa1,
PHENOTYPING FOR ADAPTATION TO DROUGHT AND LOW-PHOSPHORUS SOILS IN COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA (L.) WALP.) Nouhoun Belko1, Ousmane Boukar1, Christian.
Water use in bean and cowpea: efficiency or effective use of water?
EFFECTS OF SEED STERILIZATION TREATMENTS ON SEEDLING VIGOR AND IN VITRO CALLUS INDUCTION OF FOUR MAIZE INBRED LINES Anita Dutta1, Juan Carlos Martinez2.
Klebernilson O. Lima and Liv S. Severino
Results and Discussions
1Dept. of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, AL
INTRODUCTION Radio-sensitivity of selected cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) genotypes to varying gamma irradiation doses L. Horn1,2 and H. Shimelis2 1. Directorate.
Dhurba Neupane1, Juan Solomon2 and Jay Davison3
and No-Tillage under Various Crop Rotations.
PRINCIPLES OF CROP PRODUCTION ABT-320 (3 CREDIT HOURS)
E.V. Lukina, K.W. Freeman,K.J. Wynn, W.E. Thomason, G.V. Johnson,
Njonjo Mary W., Muthomi J, Mwang’ombe A,
Untreated Weed-Free Check
Presentation transcript:

IeCAB2010 held on 1-15 June 2010 Genome Variability and Plant Age Influence Susceptibility to Moisture Stress in the Cultivated Bananas (Musa species) 1 Baiyeri, K. P. and 2 Ortese, E. 1 Dept. of Crop Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria. 2 Akperan Orshi College of Agriculture, Yandev, Benue State, Nigeria.

IeCAB2010 held on 1-15 June 2010 INTRODUCTION  Water stress is one of the major environmental constraints that limit crop productivity worldwide.  Consequent on climatic change, moisture availability (in terms of quantity, quality and duration) has become very unpredictable in most places.  Moisture availability has been identified as one of the most critical productivity determining factors in Musa species (Robinson and Bower, 1986; Turner et al., 2007).

IeCAB2010 held on 1-15 June 2010 Introduction…  Water deficit imposes huge reductions in crop yield through diminished leaf carbon fixation and general growth inhibition.  However, the degree of plant susceptibility to transient or prolonged moisture deficits is somewhat dependent on the plant’s physiological growth stage during the time of water stress (Hall et al., 1981 ).  The deleterious effects of moisture stress in most species are more disastrous during the reproductive growth phase (Evans, 1993); another precarious stage is the juvenile seedling stage.

IeCAB2010 held on 1-15 June 2010 Introduction …  Existing information suggests that hardiness in Musa species is influenced by genomic grouping.  The cultivated bananas (Musa species) comprise of three main genomic groups (AAA, AAB, ABB), but with the array of emerging improved genotypes, there is need to evaluate genomic responses to moisture stress with a view to identifying putative tolerant or less susceptible genotype(s).

IeCAB2010 held on 1-15 June 2010 To study the influence of plant age and genome composition on the susceptibility of Musa plants to transient drought condition. To study the influence of plant age and genome composition on the susceptibility of Musa plants to transient drought condition. Objective

IeCAB2010 held on 1-15 June 2010 Materials and Methods  Experimental Site: The study was conducted in a glasshouse of the Department of Crop Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. Nsukka is located 6 o 52′N, 7 o 24′E and m above sea level, in the derived savanna agro-ecology of Nigeria.  Design of Experiment: A six-week moisture stress period was imposed on six Musa genotypes comprising of two dessert bananas (AAA), two plantains (AAB) and two ABB cooking bananas at varying growth ages of 8, 12 or 16 weeks after planting. These were evaluated alongside the control (unstressed) plants in a 6 x 4 factorial in completely randomized design (CRD) of five replications. Each genomic group consisted of one landrace triploid (3x) and a hybrid tetraploid (4x) genotype.

IeCAB2010 held on 1-15 June 2010 Materials and Methods … Treatment application: Treatment application:  Fairly uniform early sword suckers were used in the study; these were raised in 17 kg of topsoil.  At the specific age of introducing water stress, watering was withdrawn for six weeks and thereafter re-introduced for another six weeks.

IeCAB2010 held on 1-15 June 2010 Data Collection and Analysis Growth changes in: Growth changes in:  Plant height  Plant girth  Number of live leaves, and  Leaf area were evaluated after the six-week drought and rehydration cycles. All data collected were subjected to analysis of variance for factorials in CRD using GENSTAT Release 7.2 DE (GENSTAT, 2007). The separation of treatment means for significant effects was by least significant difference (LSD) at 5 percent probability level as described in Steel and Torrie (1980). All data collected were subjected to analysis of variance for factorials in CRD using GENSTAT Release 7.2 DE (GENSTAT, 2007). The separation of treatment means for significant effects was by least significant difference (LSD) at 5 percent probability level as described in Steel and Torrie (1980).

IeCAB2010 held on 1-15 June 2010 Results Susceptibility to moisture stress varied with plant age, genome group and ploidy levels. Susceptibility to moisture stress varied with plant age, genome group and ploidy levels.  The effects of moisture stress were found to be most severe in the 16-week plants, whereas the 8- and 12-week-old plants had a fair tolerance. Considering the mean values across the six genotypes (Table 1), stress effects on leaf area, plant girth and number of live leaves were more severe on the 16-week-old plants.  The negative values observed in leaf area, plant height and girth in the 16- weeks plants after the stress (Table 1) and rehydration cycle (Table 2) are indications of shrinkage or outright loss of plant parts due to tissue desiccation.  The percentage survival values on Table 2 showed clearly that the 16-week- old plants were more susceptible to the transient drought.

IeCAB2010 held on 1-15 June 2010 Results … The cooking bananas (ABB) and plantains (AAB) were more drought-tolerant than the AAA-dessert bananas. The cooking bananas (ABB) and plantains (AAB) were more drought-tolerant than the AAA-dessert bananas.  The cooking bananas (‘Fougamou’ & ‘BITA 7’) and plantains (‘Agbagba’ & ‘PITA 22’) had a better growth recovery (Table 2) as evident from the higher values recorded in plant height, girth and number of leaves per plant after the rehydration period.  Besides, the dessert bananas had a very poor survival percentage, although the landrace genotypes ‘Agbagba’ and ‘Fougamou’ were equally affected.  Similarly, the landrace triploid genotypes were relatively more susceptible than the tetraploid hybrids. The mean values for number of leaves, leaf area and plant girth (Table 1) showed the landrace genotypes in plantains and dessert bananas to be more sensitive to moisture stress than the tetraploid counterparts.

Table 1: Changes in growth parameters of six Musa genotypes exposed to moisture stress at 8, 12 & 16 weeks after planting. Table 1: Changes in growth parameters of six Musa genotypes exposed to moisture stress at 8, 12 & 16 weeks after planting.

Table 2: The recovery pattern and changes in growth components of six Musa genotypes exposed to moisture stress at varying ages estimated after a 6-week rehydration cycle. Table 2: The recovery pattern and changes in growth components of six Musa genotypes exposed to moisture stress at varying ages estimated after a 6-week rehydration cycle.

IeCAB2010 held on 1-15 June 2010  This study suggests that Musa crops at their early vegetative growth stage are more likely to withstand moisture stress than the older plants. Field planting and other cultural practices (like mulching and irrigation) should be conscientiously planned to avoid prolonged exposure of plants to drought, particularly at the reproductive transition phase.  The differential sensitivities of the genomic groups to the induced moisture stress makes breeding a viable option for upgrading drought resistance/tolerance in bananas in readiness for the apparent change in global climate. Conclusion and application of findings