SCI-Pak Sustainable and Cleaner production in the manufacturing industries of Pakistan FUNDED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION 1 SCI-Pak Sustainable and Cleaner production in the manufacturing industries of Pakistan FUNDED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION Key Challenges for sustainability Dr Mehreen Faruqi

SCI-Pak Sustainable and Cleaner production in the manufacturing industries of Pakistan FUNDED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION 2 Inequity The average US citizen, when compared to the average citizen of India, uses: a.50 times more steel b.56 times more energy c.170 times more synthetic rubber d.250 times more motor fuel e.300 times more plastic

SCI-Pak Sustainable and Cleaner production in the manufacturing industries of Pakistan FUNDED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION 3 The Consumers of the Future A growing share of the global consumer class now lives in developing countries. 95% of population growth will be in the Urban areas of developing countries China and India alone claim more than 20% of the global total - with a combined consumer class of 362 million, more than in all of Western Europe. (Though the average Chinese or Indian member consumes substantially less than the average European.)

SCI-Pak Sustainable and Cleaner production in the manufacturing industries of Pakistan FUNDED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION 4 The Nature of Sustainability Problems ‘Wicked’ and ‘Diabolical’ Complex and Contested -Interconnected -Irreversible impacts -Unknown consequences -Uncertainty in defining problem boundaries -A range of solutions available -Dynamic -Diversity of actors: perceptions, views, values and vested interest involved (Critical: Responsibility to future generations)

SCI-Pak Sustainable and Cleaner production in the manufacturing industries of Pakistan FUNDED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION 5 SCI-Pak Sustainable and Cleaner production in the manufacturing industries of Pakistan FUNDED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION Threatens coal industry jobs NIMBY Clean, green energy Income earner Harmful to biodiversity

SCI-Pak Sustainable and Cleaner production in the manufacturing industries of Pakistan FUNDED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION 6 Achieving sustainability requires…. Collaboration, partnership – all levels of governments, non-government, business, communities, individuals Integration– social, economic, ecological Systems-thinking Learning and adapting Top-down and bottom-up Challenging norms, values, beliefs… “Sustainability requires change”

SCI-Pak Sustainable and Cleaner production in the manufacturing industries of Pakistan FUNDED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION 7 Approaches and tools to achieve change Our responses need to change from ‘command and control’, end of pipe solutions to preventive, proactive and integrated approaches

SCI-Pak Sustainable and Cleaner production in the manufacturing industries of Pakistan FUNDED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION 8 Waste Management

SCI-Pak Sustainable and Cleaner production in the manufacturing industries of Pakistan FUNDED BY THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION 9 Total (Integrated) Urban Water Cycle Management Precipitation Urban Catchment Stormwater System Wastewater System Water Supply System Receiving Water