State Standard 2C. Using Mendel’s laws, explain the role of meiosis in reproductive variability. 2D. Describe the relationships between changes in DNA and potential appearance of new traits Complex Patterns of Inheritance (11.2)

11.2 Complex Patterns of Inheritance Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity Incomplete Dominance  The heterozygous phenotype is an intermediate phenotype between the two homozygous phenotypes. Chapter 11

Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity Codominance  Both alleles are expressed/visible in the heterozygous condition Complex Patterns of Inheritance Chapter 11

Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity Sickle-cell Disease  Changes in hemoglobin cause red blood cells to change to a sickle shape.  People who are heterozygous for the trait have both normal and sickle-shaped cells. Sickle cell Normal red blood cell 7766x 11.2 Complex Patterns of Inheritance Chapter 11

Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity Multiple Alleles  Blood groups in humans  ABO blood groups have three forms of alleles.  A & B are codominant  O is recessive 11.2 Complex Patterns of Inheritance Chapter 11

Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity Sex Determination  Sex chromosomes determine an individual’s gender Complex Patterns of Inheritance Chapter 11

Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity Sex-Linked Traits  Genes located on the sex chromosomes (usually on the x)  Red-green color blindness - X  Hemophilia – X  A male can’t be a carrier of an X-linked trait Complex Patterns of Inheritance Chapter 11

If a man with heterozygous type B blood marries a woman with type AB blood, what is the percent chance of them having a baby with type A blood?

In a situation where dark blue flowers are incompletely dominant over white flowers, predict the outcome of a cross between 2 plants with light blue flowers.

In a certain breed of chickens, brown feathers & grey feathers are codominant. If a brown-feathered chicken is mated with a grey-feathered chicken, predict the genotypic & phenotypic percentage outcomes.