ATHENA

Created in February 2004 / reviewed 3 times Covers expenditure arising from operations or exercises having military or defence implications Created with one objective Legal framework : –Council Decision –Financial regulations Athena characteristics (1)

Athena characteristics (2) Common costs / Nation borne costs Contributions based on GNI key Annual accounts / yearly budget : 81 M€ (2006) / 46 M€ (2007) / 170 M€ (2008) / 74 M€ (2009) / 37 M€ (2010) 31 M€ (2011) –EUFOR LIBYA 12 M€ in Early Financing available for rapid response operations (75% for non-rapid response operations) Cyclic review + each end of operation

Athena mechanism : Administrator Special Committee : 26 MS Reps Operation commanders ATHENA accountant College of 6 external auditors

Annexes 1,2,3,4 ATHENA decision : In all cases : III-A Mostly Headquarters OHQ, FHQ, Component Headquarters: travels, CIS, admin, public info, representation and hospitality, Locally Hired Personnel FHQ, Component Headquarters only: transport / deployment / lodging Forces as a whole : infrastructure, MEDEVAC, Identification, acquisition of information Reimbursements to/from NATO or other organisations (UN) If the Council so decides : III-B Transport and lodging of forces, Multinational HQs below FHQ, Athena common costs (1) :

When requested by the Operation Commander and approved by the Special Committee : III-C Barracks and lodging / Infrastructure Essential additional equipment Medical services (Role 2 in theatre) Acquisition of information (satellite images, theatre level intelligence, reconnaissance and surveillance, including AGSR, human intelligence) Other critical theatre-level capabilities (demining, CBRN, fuel storage and supply facilities, storage and destruction of arms Athena common costs (2) :

Same common costs for HQs (including BG) Recce (Preparatory phase) Running (Active phase) Specific case of BG strategic deployment (Council declaration) Limited to airlift ATHENA & BG

OPERATIONAL COMMON COSTS : Preparation OctNovDecJanFebMarAprMayJunJulyAugSepOctNovDecJan Active phase IOCFOC ENDEND CMC COUNCIL DECISION Build-up End of phase HAND-OVERHAND-OVER Preparatory phase : Annex 2 : - transport, lodging, civilian hires, incremental costs. - MEDEVAC => Administrator = authorising officer Winding up phase : Annexes 1 & 4 : - End of OpCdr’s direct responsibilities - Administrator = authorising officer Active phase : Annex 3 : - Common costs list, - OPCDR = authorising officer OP LAUNCHING OPLAN

BG STRATEGIC AIRLIFT : Financing in common of incremental costs : –Initiated 13/12/2006 –In accordance with the BG concept –Limited to EU Members States –Not used –Until end 2011, unless the Council agrees to extend it NB : Council has still not determined the flat rates applicable to the payment or reimbursement of these costs.

REFERENCE TEXTS : -Official texts : ATHENA decision 2008/975/CFSP (18 Dec 2008) ATHENA financial rules 1203/08 (23 Dec 2008) -ATHENA guides: ATHENA operating manual ATHENA procurement guide -ATHENA website :

ATHENA ATHENA-financed military operations DRC FYROM Operation CONCORDIA Operation ARTEMIS Operation ALTHEA 30MAR–15/DEC03 26 TCN Berlin + 12JUN–7SEP03 16 TCN Autonomous FR – framework nation TOA 02DEC04 27 TCN 2011 Budget Berlin + 30JUL–30NOV06 19 TCN Total spent Autonomous DE OHQ, FR FHQ EUFOR RD CONGO DRC 26JAN08– 15MAR09 19 TCN Total spent Autonomous FR OHQ, FR FHQ EUFOR Tchad/RCA 08DEC08– 10 TCN 2011 Budget Autonomous UK OHQ, EL/ES/NL FHQ Operation ATALANTA Tchad CAR EUTM SOMALIA APR 10 – 14 TCN 2011 Budget Autonomous SP MHQ

EUFOR ALTHEA

Successor to SFOR, launched 2/12/2004 Berlin + operation (Using NATO assets & capabilities) Largest military EU-led operation to date (initially T) Mission : SASE in BiH (1995 Dayton Peace Agreement) 24 EU MS + 3 troop contributing nations OHQ = EUSG (SHAPE) Common costs : ~ 21 M € for 2011 Nation borne costs : ~ 7,5 M € EUFOR ALTHEA :

EUFOR RD CONGO

Temporary deployment of an EU force to support the UN mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo (MONUC) Launched 30 June 2006, end 30 November 2006 EU autonomous military Operation EU OHQ DE (POTSDAM) T (21 EU MS + 1 third State) Common costs : 15 M € Nation born costs : 19 M € EUFOR RD CONGO :

EUFOR TCHAD-RCA

CSDP bridging military operation to the UN AOO : Chad (FHQ + 3 BTNs), CAR (1 DT), Cameroon (SPOD) Launched on 28 /01/ 2008, for 12 months (from IOC 15/03/2008); FOF since 15 MAR 09 Mission : support to the UN presence with a special task establishing a SASE EU OHQ FR (MONT VALERIEN) T (14 EU MS in the field / 22 in FR OHQ) + Russia, Croatia, Albania, Common cost (total): 118 M € spent (70 M € infra) Nation Born Costs : 90M € (incl. 11 M€ UN support) EUFOR TCHAD-RCA :

EU NAVFOR ATALANTA

First CSDP maritime operation AOO : Aden gulf & Somalia coasts Launched 2008, for 12 months (extended) Mission : Fight against piracy OHQ : Northwood (UK) Common costs : 8 M € EUNAVFOR ATALANTA:

EUTM SOMALIA

1st ESDP mission on military training Theatre : Uganda Operation launched 2010, for 12 months Mission : training of 1000 soldiers + NCOs X 2 Means : up to 150 EU instructors incl. Spt. staff MHQ : KAMPALA + Camp : BIHANGA + Imprest accounts (NAIROBI & BRUXELLES) Common costs : 4,9 M € (2010) / 1.9 M € (2011) EUTM SOMALIA:

Expertise : ATHENA training : bi-annual seminar On request (done for NBG + POL BG) Advise & liaison ATRIUM Budget implementation NBCs & cash flow management Liaison with existing framework operators: Athens multinational sealift coordination center (AMSCC) Movement multinational coordination centre Europe (MMCCE) Economat des armées (EDA / Pantin – FR) ATHENA Assistance

?