ICT and medicine

Objectives The uses of ICT in medicine The uses of ICT in medicine in patient records, medical equipments, internet devices…etcin patient records, medical equipments, internet devices…etc Advantages and disadvantages of using ICT in medicine Advantages and disadvantages of using ICT in medicine Computers and the disabled Computers and the disabled Examples of computer systems used by the disabled Examples of computer systems used by the disabled

The uses of ICT in medicine ICT in medicine Patient records Medical equipments Expert systems Web-based diagnosis Researchcommunications

Patient records Medical records used to be stored on paper but now it is transferred to a computer data base Medical records used to be stored on paper but now it is transferred to a computer data base It keeps a track of patients’ medical history e.g. the prescribed drugs and what illness the patient has suffered from It keeps a track of patients’ medical history e.g. the prescribed drugs and what illness the patient has suffered from Data bases of patients have been used to track trends in illnesses such as heart disease Data bases of patients have been used to track trends in illnesses such as heart disease Data bases of organ donors and patients needing transplant Data bases of organ donors and patients needing transplant

Patient records Patient records Advantages Access will be quicker. Takes up less space Writing will be easy to read Transfer of records will be quicker between GPs and hospitals

Patient records Patient records  Disadvantages Inputting enormous amounts of data from paper-based records can Take much time Patient records may be lost or hacked Some doctors may find it difficult to enter electronic records

Medical equipments Scanners Are used to process their data into a readable format Microprocessors Are used to control a variety of medical devices such as pacemakers Computer guided lasers Are used in operations. For example the removal of brain tumors

Medical equipments Medical equipments Advantages New types of surgeries possible Reduce waiting times in the hospital Surgeons can perform operations remotely

Medical equipments Medical equipments  Disadvantages Computers have defects and can break down Doctors have to retrain to use the new equipments

Research ICT has changed the way in which medical research is conducted ICT has changed the way in which medical research is conducted Modelling the effects of new drugsModelling the effects of new drugs ICT is used to conduct clinical trialsICT is used to conduct clinical trials Collaboration between international teams e.g. Human Genome ProjectCollaboration between international teams e.g. Human Genome Project

ResearchAdvantages Management of clinical trials online Better quality of life for the disabled Collaboration between healthcare professionals

ResearchDisadvantages Can never replace clinical trials

Web-based diagnosis (Internet services) You can find a wide variety of medical information such as : You can find a wide variety of medical information such as : Symptom diagnosis, for people who wish to identify their problem without consulting a GP (General practitioner)Symptom diagnosis, for people who wish to identify their problem without consulting a GP (General practitioner) Access to medical research/journalsAccess to medical research/journals Information about side effectsInformation about side effects Information about available treatmentsInformation about available treatments

Web-based diagnosis Advantages 24/7 access to information Support for patients from other sufferers Access to research for professionals

Web-based diagnosis Disadvantages can lead to incorrect incorrectdiagnosisIncorrect prescribed drugs

Expert systems Also called knowledge-based systems They are computer programs that attempt to replicate the performance of a human expert on some specialized reasoning tasks Store and manipulate knowledge so that they can help the user to solve a problem or make a decision Expert systems are being used for disease diagnosis

Example of expert systems Robots Robots They have been used to perform very accurate operation such as those on the brainThey have been used to perform very accurate operation such as those on the brain

Expert systems Advantages It can store more knowledge than a person A large data base of knowledge can be added and kept up-to-date the system cannot forget or get facts wrong. Acquire knowledge knowledge faster than faster than a human doctor a human doctor

Expert systems Disadvantages Some people prefer a human touch

Communications Teleconferencing has been used to share expertise Surgeons in one country can help those in the other Wireless transmission provides a link between hospitals and doctors Telecommunications Remote diagnosis can be used to diagnose and treat patients remotely Patients can monitor their own conditions at home without need for a visit in a hospital

Computers and the disabled About 10% of people in Britain has some kind of disability About 10% of people in Britain has some kind of disability Computer systems : Computer systems : Improve the ability to communicateImprove the ability to communicate Provide opportunities for independence and employmentProvide opportunities for independence and employment Examples: Examples: Scanners to convert printed text to verbal out put for visually impairedScanners to convert printed text to verbal out put for visually impaired Voice recognition equipment to convert speech to printed output for hearing impairedVoice recognition equipment to convert speech to printed output for hearing impaired Special pointing devices to allow interaction with computer for physically impairedSpecial pointing devices to allow interaction with computer for physically impaired Vision systems with sensors built into special glassesVision systems with sensors built into special glasses Computerized devices implanted to improve mobility for physically impairedComputerized devices implanted to improve mobility for physically impaired

Examples Scanners to convert printed text to verbal out put for visually impaired Scanners to convert printed text to verbal out put for visually impaired Voice recognition equipment to convert speech to printed output for hearing impaired Voice recognition equipment to convert speech to printed output for hearing impaired Special pointing devices to allow interaction with computer for physically impaired Special pointing devices to allow interaction with computer for physically impaired Vision systems with sensors built into special glasses Vision systems with sensors built into special glasses Computerized devices implanted to improve mobility for physically impaired Computerized devices implanted to improve mobility for physically impaired

Done by: HADEEL ALLAM