The Scientists Light and Waves Quantum Mechanics Atomic Orbitals Electron Configurations

It is my Atomic Theory It is my Atomic Theory answer answer answer

John Dalton John Dalton

I found a subatomic particle by using a cathode ray I found a subatomic particle by using a cathode ray answer answer answer

J.J. Thompson J.J. Thompson

Using a sheet of gold, I discovered the nucleus Using a sheet of gold, I discovered the nucleus answer answer answer

Ernest Rutherford Ernest Rutherford

I found the subatomic particle, the neutron I found the subatomic particle, the neutron answer answer answer

James Chadwick James Chadwick

I respect Niehls Bohr for finding that electrons go around the atom, but I developed a better model that could be applied to the majority of elements. This model specifies that electrons moved in waves, orbitals, and it also keeps Planck’s idea of the quantum I respect Niehls Bohr for finding that electrons go around the atom, but I developed a better model that could be applied to the majority of elements. This model specifies that electrons moved in waves, orbitals, and it also keeps Planck’s idea of the quantum answer answer answer

My model is the Quantum Mechanical Model and I am: My model is the Quantum Mechanical Model and I am: Erwin ShrodingerErwin Shrodinger

What is the speed of light? What is the speed of light? answer answer answer

x 10 8 m/s x 10 8 m/s

What is the distance between two corresponding* parts of a wave called? What is the distance between two corresponding* parts of a wave called? *Corresponding means analogous parts. Ex: from crest to crest, or from trough to trough *Corresponding means analogous parts. Ex: from crest to crest, or from trough to trough answer answer answer

Wavelength Wavelength

The atomic number = ? The atomic number = ? answer answer answer

# of protons # of protons

What is the name given to the maximum distance that the particles of a medium move from the rest position? What is the name given to the maximum distance that the particles of a medium move from the rest position? answer answer answer

amplitude amplitude

1. Which variable is directly proportional to frequency? a) Wavelength b) Velocity c) Position d) Energy answer answer answer

D) Energy D) Energy

Calculate the wavelength of a blue light emitted by a mercury lamp with a frequency of 5.10 x s -1 Calculate the wavelength of a blue light emitted by a mercury lamp with a frequency of 5.10 x s -1 *s -1 is the same unit as Hz or cycles/second *s -1 is the same unit as Hz or cycles/second answer answer answer

5.88 x m 5.88 x m

What does the quantum theory say? What does the quantum theory say? answer answer answer

Energy travels in discrete units called quanta Energy travels in discrete units called quanta

Which quantum number describes the main energy level or shell where an electron is found? (Give both the name and symbol of this number) Which quantum number describes the main energy level or shell where an electron is found? (Give both the name and symbol of this number) answer answer answer

The principal quantum number (n) The principal quantum number (n)

What does the Pauli exclusion principle state? What does the Pauli exclusion principle state? answer answer answer

“ In a given ato no two electrons can have the same set of four quantum numbers” “ In a given ato no two electrons can have the same set of four quantum numbers”

True or False True or False With the Quantum Mechanical model with know with a 100% accuracy where an electron is at a certain time.With the Quantum Mechanical model with know with a 100% accuracy where an electron is at a certain time. answer answer answer

False False

Write down the name for each quantum number and the symbol. Then raise your hand and explain what each quantum number represents. Write down the name for each quantum number and the symbol. Then raise your hand and explain what each quantum number represents. answer answer answer

The Principal Quantum Number (n) The Principal Quantum Number (n) Related to the energy shell (size and energy) Related to the energy shell (size and energy) The angular Momentum Number (l) The angular Momentum Number (l) Refers to the sub-shell (or orbital) Refers to the sub-shell (or orbital) The magnetic Quantum Number (m l ) The magnetic Quantum Number (m l ) Refers to the orientation of the orbital in space in relation to other orbitals Refers to the orientation of the orbital in space in relation to other orbitals The electron spin quantum number (m s ) The electron spin quantum number (m s ) Refers to the spin of the electron within the orbital Refers to the spin of the electron within the orbital

Which orbital closely resembles a circle but it’s not a circle Which orbital closely resembles a circle but it’s not a circle answer answer answer

An s orbital An s orbital

If there are p orbitals… up to how many electrons in the shell can come from p orbitals? If there are p orbitals… up to how many electrons in the shell can come from p orbitals? answer answer answer

Six electrons. Two in each of the three p orbitals. Six electrons. Two in each of the three p orbitals.

If l=2… If l=2… What does n equal to and which orbitals are on that outer shell?What does n equal to and which orbitals are on that outer shell? answer answer answer

n=3; there are s, p, and d orbitals n=3; there are s, p, and d orbitals

If the last electrons on an atom are 3p3… how many orbitals in total does that atom have? If the last electrons on an atom are 3p3… how many orbitals in total does that atom have? answer answer answer

3s 3s 6p 6p Total of 9 orbitals Total of 9 orbitals

In general terms, explain how the quantum mechanical model of the atom describes the electron In general terms, explain how the quantum mechanical model of the atom describes the electron answer answer answer

As a tiny particle that we can only estimate its position, without disturbing its path (Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle). As a tiny particle that we can only estimate its position, without disturbing its path (Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle). It can only move up or down in specific increments and it can never be found in between the two positions (Quantum Theory). It can only move up or down in specific increments and it can never be found in between the two positions (Quantum Theory).

What is the electron configuration of He? What is the electron configuration of He? answer answer answer

1s 2 1s 2

Write both the long and the abbreviated electron configurations of Al Write both the long and the abbreviated electron configurations of Al answer answer answer

Long form: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 3s 2 3p 1 Long form: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 3s 2 3p 1 Abbreviated: [Ne] 3s 2 3p 1 Abbreviated: [Ne] 3s 2 3p 1

State the aufbau principle in your own words (Not the exact answer in the book) State the aufbau principle in your own words (Not the exact answer in the book) answer answer answer

As protons are added one by one to the nucleus to build up the elements, electrons are similarly added to new orbitals As protons are added one by one to the nucleus to build up the elements, electrons are similarly added to new orbitals Electrons enter orbitals of lowest energy first Electrons enter orbitals of lowest energy first

State, in your own words, Hund’s rule and who came up with it. State, in your own words, Hund’s rule and who came up with it. answer answer answer

“The lowest energy configuration for an atom is the one having the maximum number of unpaired electrons in a set of degenerate orbitals.” “The lowest energy configuration for an atom is the one having the maximum number of unpaired electrons in a set of degenerate orbitals.”

Give the electron configuration of In. Give the electron configuration of In. How many valence electrons does an atom of this element have? How many valence electrons does an atom of this element have? answer answer answer

[Kr] 5s 2 4d 10 5p 1 [Kr] 5s 2 4d 10 5p 1 Atoms of this element have three valence electrons. Atoms of this element have three valence electrons.