Contraceptives Conception – time after fertilization and before implantation Contra – prefix meaning “against” A contraceptive device prevents conception.

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Presentation transcript:

Contraceptives Conception – time after fertilization and before implantation Contra – prefix meaning “against” A contraceptive device prevents conception or fertilization from occurring. Also known as “birth control?”

5 Categories of Contraception: Behavioral Over-the-Counter Prescription Permanent Emergency Contraception

Behavioral Fertility-based methods Withdrawal Continuous breastfeeding Cannot have intercourse during the fertile time of the month Egg can live 12-24 hours however 48 is used Sperm can live in a woman’s body up to 5 days Withdrawal Continuous breastfeeding

Over-the-Counter Female Condom Condom Sponge Spermicide

Female condom Illustrations copyright 2003 Nucleus Communications, Inc. All rights reserved. http://www.nucleusinc.com

Female Condom Benefits: Disadvantages: higher failure rate Shared responsiblilty Protects against most STD Protects against pregnancy Can be inserted up to 8 hours before sex Disadvantages: higher failure rate expensive

Male condom Illustrations copyright 2003 Nucleus Communications, Inc. All rights reserved. http://www.nucleusinc.com

cervical sponge Illustrations copyright 2003 Nucleus Communications, Inc. All rights reserved. http://www.nucleusinc.com

Sponge Contains spermicide Protects 24 hours/ must be left in 6 hrs No STI protection 84-89% Effective Rate

Spermicide Foam and Jellies

Spermicide 71-82% effective Recommend use with other methods Foam, jelly, cream No protection against STI’s or HIV

Prescription Oral contraceptives The patch The ring The implant Birth control pills The patch The ring The implant

Oral Contraceptives – “the pill”

NuvaRing

Nuva Ring Inserted and left in place for 3 weeks Does not prevent STI’s or HIV Fairly high rate

Vaginal Ring Illustrations copyright 2003 Nucleus Communications, Inc. All rights reserved. http://www.nucleusinc.com

Norplant

Implant Size of a matchstick Placed under the skin on the inner side of the arm 99 percent effective Can be effective for up to 3 years No protection from STI’s or HIV

Intrauterine devices – IUD’s

IUD Must be inserted by a doctor Effective for 5-12 years 99% effective in preventing pregnacy No protection from STI or HIV

Diaphragm Illustrations copyright 2003 Nucleus Communications, Inc. All rights reserved. http://www.nucleusinc.com

Diaphragm Cap inserted must be used with spermicide 84-94% effective Must be left in place for 6 hours

Cervical Cap Cervical Cap Diaphragm Illustrations copyright 2003 Nucleus Communications, Inc. All rights reserved. http://www.nucleusinc.com Cervical Cap Diaphragm

Cap 71-84% effective in preventing pregnacy Must be used with spermicide No protection from STI’s or HIV

Depo Provera Hormone injection Every 3 months

Injection $35.00-$75.00 per shot Lasts 3 months 97-99% effective No protection from STI’s or HIV

Permanent Tubal Ligation Vasectomy

Vasectomy

Tubal Ligation

ABSTINENCE! What is the best form of contraception available? It is 100% effective in preventing pregnancies It is 100% effective in preventing STI’s ( sexually transmitted infections)

US Teen Pregnancy, Birth and Abortion Statistics