Done by 3P3 Li Borui

 Nanotechnology, shortened to "nanotech", is the study of the controlling of matter on an atomic and molecular scale. Generally nanotechnology deals with structures sized between 1 to 100 nanometer in at least one dimension, and involves developing materials or devices within that size.

 Nanotechnology is very diverse, ranging from extensions of conventional device physics to completely new approaches based upon molecular self-assembly, from developing new materials with dimensions on the Nano scale to investigating whether we can directly control matter on the atomic scale.

 Fullerenes are the molecules composed of entire carbon atoms. They form many shapes like sphere, ellipsoid and tube. There are now many kinds of fullerenes discovered as C60, C44, C50, C76, C80, C84, C90, C94, C120, C180 and C540. Among those the fullerene of C60 is figuratively described as Bucky ball.

C180

 C60 can be used as a way to find new catalysts. C60 has the same electronic configuration with alkenes. In this way, it can form compound with transition metals and thus make new efficient catalysts.  {[(C2H5)3P]2Pt}C60  C60OsO4  C60Pd6  Pt(PPh3)2C60

 C60 can be used in the storage of gases. There are 30 carbon-carbon double bonds altogether in every C60 molecule. When the double bonds open, hydrogen will be absorbed in. When the temperature is raised to 80 degrees to 215 degrees, C60 compound will release the gases, leaving C60 completely pure and recycled. It can also be used to store oxygen.

 C60 can also devote to treating cancer. It can efficiently destroy the plasma membrane of the cancer cell and the endoplasmic reticulum and the caryotheca in the mitochondria inside the cell which are considered to be the crucial part of the cancer cell.

 C60 can be used in creating new optical materials. The ability of restricting light rays of C60 molecules can be used to make optical limiter. More importantly, that ability can make products that set limit to the amount of light rays that go into the eyes so that can protect human eyes from light with great intensity.

  Luminescent materials

Sun block Lubricant

 Nano silver is a nanoparticle of the metal element silver. To conform to most definitions of nanotechnology, a particle of Nano silver will measure between 1 and 100 nanometers (nm) in one or more dimensions.  A 9-nm nanoparticle contains around 24,000 silver atoms.  The color of Nano silver particles is brown or orange but not silver.

 In the early 1900s, silver gained regulatory approval as an antimicrobial agent. Prior to the introduction of antibiotics, colloidal silver was used as a germicide and disinfectant. With the introduction of antibiotics in the 1940s, the use of silver as an antimicrobial agent diminished. As a result, colloidal silver was replaced by other, more effective silver compounds.

 The Phoenicians are said to have stored water, wine, and vinegar in silver bottles to prevent spoiling. In the early 1900s, people would put silver sixpences in milk bottles to prolong the milk's freshness.  Electrolytic ally dissolved silver has been used as a water disinfecting agent.

 The disinfectant properties of silver are used in some other medical applications, such as catheters and endotracheal breathing tubes. The use of these devices is contraindicated for persons who are allergic to silver, and no thorough testing and standardization of these products has yet been undertaken.

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Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of (a) Sphere, (b) Chain, and (c) Neural network shapes of the iron oxide Nanoparticle. C

 In conclusion, there is a lot of potential in the field of nanotechnology. Nanotech is able to help improve the technology as well as the efficiency of science in the aspects like biology, physics and chemistry and more importantly, human sciences.

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