Basic Cardiac Pacing Claire Regan MSc Chief Cardiac Physiologist UHSM 2009
A Pacemaker!
What is a Pacemaker? A pacemaker is an electronic device implanted in the body to regulate the heart beat. It consists of a battery and electronic circuits enclosed in a hermetically sealed can. The pacemaker delivers electrical stimuli over leads with electrodes in contact with the heart. (‘Cardiac Pacemakers Step by Step’ – S.Serge Barold, Roland X. Stroobandt, Alfons F. Sinnaeve).
Atrial and Ventricular Leads
Lead Detail
RA and RV Leads
RA Septum/RVOT Leads
Pacemaker Code
Unipolar
Bipolar
Reasons for Implanting AAI Sinus Node Dysfunction. Sick Sinus Syndrome in the absence of known or anticipated AV block.
Contraindications for AAI Heart Block known or anticipated. Atrial Tachyarrhythmias. Neurally Mediated Syncope.
AAI
AAIR
AAI Pacing
Reasons for Implanting VVI Chronic Atrial Tachyarrhythmias.
Contraindications for VVI Heart Failure. Left Ventricular Systolic or Diastolic Dysfunction. Neurally Mediated Syncope.
VVI
VVIR
VVI Pacing
VVI Pacing (Bipolar – RVA)
Ventricular Pacing (Unipolar - RVOT)
Reasons for Implanting DDD ♥AV block ♥Chronic Bi/Trifascicular block ♥Sinus Node Dysfunction
Contraindications for DDD ♥Heart Failure ♥Chronic Atrial Tachyarrhythmias
DDD
DDDR
AV (DDD) Pacing
References Barold, S. S., Stroobandt, R. X., Sinnaeve, A. F. (2004). Cardiac Pacemakers Step by Step. USA: Blackwell Futura. Bennett, D. H. (2007). Cardiac Arrhythmias. London: Hodder Arnold. Ellenbogen, K. A., Wood, M. A. (2002). Cardiac Pacing and ICD’s. USA: Blackwell Science. Hayes, D. L., Lloyd, M. A., Friedman, P. A. (2000). Cardiac Pacing and Defibrillation: A Clinical Approach. USA: Futura Publishing Company.
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