1

2 Eukaryotic vs. Prokaryotic

3 Charts and Tables

4 Comparing Organisms

5 Evolution

6 Miscellaneous

7 Type Subject Six Here

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9 The bacteria that live in the bodies of giant tubeworms and the giant white clams are classified as A.eukaryotes B.prokaryotes C.plants D.fungi

10 B. Prokaryotes

11 Scientists have recently discovered a new species that lives attached to the side of a tree. An organism from this new speciesis multicellularhas cell wallshas vascular tissuesmakes its own foodhas structures that absorb moisture from the air Scientists have recently discovered a new species that lives attached to the side of a tree. An organism from this new speciesis multicellularhas cell wallshas vascular tissuesmakes its own foodhas structures that absorb moisture from the air

12 Which of these terms best describes this new organism? A.omnivore B.eukaryote C.herbivore D.prokaryote

13 A cell is observed through a microscope. The cell is found to have a cell wall, a cell membrane, and numerous ribosomes. The cell does not have a nucleus. This cell is most likely from a A.bacterium B.fungus C.plant D.protist

14 A. Bacterium

15 Prokaryotic cells possess all of the following except A.cell membrane B.ribosomes C.cell wall D.nuclear membrane

16 D. Nuclear membrane

17 There are several differences between plant cells and animal cells. What organelle is found only in plant cells? A.Golgi Bodies B.Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum C.Ribosomes D.Chloroplasts

18 D. Chloroplasts

19 According to the data above, the unknown bacteria are most closely related to which species?

20 Species IV

21 According to the table, which of these vertebrates are most closely related?

22 Birds and theropod dinosaurs

23 Based on this information, which two species are most closely related?

24 the red panda and the raccoon

25 To which kingdom do flowering plants belong?

26 Kingdom 2

27 Based on the information in the table, which group contains humans?

28 Group 5

29 A 125-million-year-old small mammal skeleton was recently discovered in China. The role of this small mammal in its ecosystem can best be determined by comparing its skeleton to A.ancient small mammal skeletons B.modern small mammal skeletons C.modern small mammal DNA D.ancient small mammal DNA

30 B.modern small mammal skeletons

31 A researcher is studying raccoons and skunks. She wants to find out how closely these two mammals are related. Which of these characteristics would be best for her to study? A.sequences of DNA B.reproductive habits C.movement of RNA D.physical appearance

32 A.sequences of DNA

33 A scientist wants to determine how closely two organisms are related. Which of these would provide the best evidence of a close relationship? A. They look the same B. They move the same way C. They have similar organelles D. They have similar DNA sequence

34 D. They have similar DNA sequence

35 Which of these characteristics would provide the best evidence to determine if menhaden and striped bass are closely related? A.They are both cold-blooded. B.They occupy the same trophic level. C.They both live in coastal waters. D.They have similar DNA sequences.

36 D.They have similar DNA sequences.

37 Which of the vertebrate skulls shown to the left is probably most closely related to modern birds shown above?

38

39 Scientists have found many similarities in the proteins of turtles and sharks. These similarities suggest that turtles and sharks A.have stopped evolving B.have a common ancestor C.have all the same DNA sequences D.have the same number of chromosomes

40 B.have a common ancestor

41 Which of these structures are the best evidence of an evolutionary relationship? A.bat wing and bee wing B.bat lower jaw and whale lower jaw C.whale flipper and bee wing D.bat wing and whale flipper

42 D.bat wing and whale flipper

43 Which of these explains why the skeletal structures of the seal's flipper and the monkey's arm are similar? A.Seals and monkeys have a common ancestor. B.Seals and monkeys have identical DNA sequences. C.All of the same genetic mutations occurred in seals and monkeys. D.All of the same vitamins are used for bone formation in seals and monkeys.

44 A.Seals and monkeys have a common ancestor.

45 Students conducted an experiment to test the effect of antibiotics on bacteria. They placed bacteria in a petri dish that contained agar treated with an antibiotic. Only one of the bacterial colonies survived. Which of these statements best explains why only one colony survived? A.The bacteria in the colonies competed for survival. B.There was only enough food in the dish for some of the bacteria to survive. C.There was not enough antibiotic in the dish to kill all the bacteria. D.The bacteria in the surviving colony had genetic variations that allowed them to survive.

46 D. The bacteria in the surviving colony had genetic variations that allowed them to survive.

47 The leafy sea dragon is a type of fish that lives in the ocean near Southern Australia. The leaf- like fins and appendages that hang from its body look like kelp, a type of brown algae founds in its habitat. This leaf-like appendage help protect the leafy sea dragon from predators. The leafy sea dragon’s leaf-like fins and appendage can best be described as: A. Adaptation B. Genotype C. Clone D. Allele

48 A. Adaptation

49 Which cell structure contains molecules that direct cell activities? A.nucleus B.ribosome C.mitochondrion D.chloroplast

50 A.nucleus

51 Which of these is not a use for DNA fingerprinting? A.to determine how individuals are related B.to make messenger RNA C.to determine a genetic sequence D.to study inherited diseases

52 B.to make messenger RNA

53 Coyotes and gray wolves have a high degree of relatedness. Which of these best describes why the two species are closely related? A.They have similar behaviors. B.They have a common ancestor. C.They feed on the same types of food. D.They are found in the same habitat.

54 B.They have a common ancestor.

55 Students working in a biology laboratory use many tools. Which task is correctly paired with the appropriate tool? A.grouping organisms—Punnett square B.determining genotypes—microscope C.discovering mutations—classification key D.determining relatedness—electrophoresis gel

56 D.determining relatedness— electrophoresis gel

57 Organisms 2 and 4 belong to Group B of the below classification chart. Which of these could be used to place these two organisms into two groups, Group B1 and Group B2? A. Type of feet B. Number of legs C. Presence of beaks D. Presence of wings 1.WingsGo to 2 No wingsGroup A 2.FeathersGroup B No FeathersGo to 3 3.Two legsGroup C Six legsGroup D

58 A. Type of feet