TIME PERIOD: (1870 to 1900) BIG IDEAS ◦ ____________ ESSENTIAL QUESTION (Please answer) ◦ Why do people immigrate to other countries? Make a list of some “PUSH” and “PULL” factors
1866 to 1915, 25 million _________________________________ Before 1880, mostly from northern and western Europe (“____ _____________”) ◦ WHERE? After 1880, mostly from southern and eastern __________ (“______ immigrants”) ◦ WHERE?
Why did many Chinese immigrate to ___________ in 1848? 1851 to 1883, 300,000 _________ arrived By 1920, 200,000 Japanese lived on _____________ Angel Island Why did these two groups settle on the west coast?
Transportation technology of the time? _____________________ voyage ◦ ________________________ ◦ 3 weeks from Asia Many traveled in _________________ ◦ Cheapest accommodations; in ship’s cargo area at bottom of ship ◦ Why? ◦ Titanic connection ◦ READ ALOUD “THE LOWER DECK”
Do you guys have any relatives that passed through Ellis Island? Immigration station that ______________immigrants for __________, ________________________________________ Would send immigrants back to their home country if failed test (see test on page 463) Immigrants were __________________ Asian immigrants went to ______________ off of San Francisco, but unlike __________, they were treated very poorly ◦ Why do you think there was a difference?
What is it? What are the pros and cons of it? Some of the new immigrants were not interested in __________________ or becoming American They wanted to return to their home country with enough money saved to buy a _________ Connection to present-day immigrants from Central America? Most immigrants came to __________________ to bring rest of family to US Most wanted to become _________________but retain some of their culture and customs ◦ Why was this important to them?
1890, twice as many Irish in __________________________________ What is the difference between “melting pot” analogy and “mosaic” analogy? _______________________________: designed to ______________________ into the dominant culture. ◦ _________________________ ◦ What was the dominate culture? Attributes? ◦ Who wanted immigrants to assimilate? ◦ Did immigrants completely assimilate?
Nativism: favoritism to __________________ Americans Social and economic ___________________, but ____________________________ preserved Nativists felt that immigrants could not become _______________________ Nativists justify their arguments for immigrant restrictions on Southern and Eastern Europeans and Asians using _____________________ American Protective Association and the “____________________________”
Inventions and improvements in farming caused fewer laborers to be needed in the fields Where do you think these farm laborers went? Why? Many of these _________________ were African American ◦ Blacks moved to ______________________ like Detroit and Chicago for jobs (pull) and escape racial violence (push) ◦ City life for blacks was nonetheless difficult- _______________________________________, job competition with immigrants
Garbage, clean water, sewage, overcrowded, crime, vice Tenement living-___________ How the Other Half Lives ◦ One tub ________________ ◦ _____________________-no circulation of air ◦ ______________________________ ◦ Crime ◦ Unsanitary conditions-dark and dank, pests Wealthy flee cities to __________________
As problems in cities pile up, concerned citizens (reformers) sought to make things better for poor city people _________________________ ◦ Reformers established these ◦ They were community centers in slum neighborhoods that assisted people in the area ◦ ___________________________________
All cities’ problems prompted solutions _______________, paved streets, electric trolley cars, Suspension __________ using steel cables ◦ _______________ and Roebling, NJ (Extra Credit Assignment) ◦ View short video on Brooklyn Bridge Steel girders and skyscrapers Parks New _________________________ designs