University of Washington HCDE 518 Course Introduction HCDE 518 Autumn 2011 With credit to Jake Wobbrock, Dave Hendry, Andy Ko, Jennifer Turns, & Mark Zachry

University of Washington HCDE 518 Was that painful?  How do you know?  Sometimes, painful isn’t so obvious

University of Washington HCDE 518

Bad design is everywhere!

University of Washington HCDE 518 Bad design can have big consequences  Money  $60,000 disappeared  Social issues  Voting

University of Washington HCDE 518 Bad design can have big consequences  Human Lives  Therac-25 Radiation Therapy machine  Air traffic accidents  !!$rhi Iran Air 655 Airbus shot down by USS Vincennes’ missiles (290 dead); Human error plus confusing and incomplete Aegis interface (S 13 4); Commentary on Tom Wicker article on Vincennes and SDI (S 13 4); Aegis user interface changes recommended; altitude, IFF problems (S 14 1); Analysis implicates Aegis displays and crew (Aerospace America, Apr 1989); Discussion of further intrinsic limitations (Matt Jaffe, S 14 5, R 8 74); USS Sides Cmdr David Carlson questions attack on Iranian jet (S 14 6)

University of Washington HCDE 518 But we can try to help  NYNEX was going to buy new workstation for their telephone operators  Each second saved per call saves $3M/yr.  User modeling discovered it would be 3% slower than original  NYNEX did not buy workstation  Prevented mistake, saved $2M/yr.

University of Washington HCDE 518

Summary  Design is everywhere  Design is hard  Most everything is designed  Much of it poorly  Economic ramifications  Life and death in certain situations  There is hope!

University of Washington HCDE 518 Agenda  Motivation – Bad Interface Designs  More bad designs: m/ m/  Introductions  Instructor, You  Break – 5 mins  Review of Syllabus  Basic Info, Assessment, Assignments, Project, Policies, etc.  What this course is about  10 minute break  IDEO Deep Dive Video & Discussion  What is design?  5 minute break  Perspectives on design videos and discussion  Next class

University of Washington HCDE 518 Introductions - Instructor  Instructor: Julie Kientz (pronounced like “Keentz”)  Call me Julie  Assistant Professor in HCDE and iSchool  Ph.D. in Computer Science from Georgia Tech  Research in Human-Computer Interaction  Computing for Healthy Living & Learning (CHiLL)  Personal Interests: Travel, Skiing, Running, Pets (have 1 dog, 2 cats), Volunteering, Reading, Games

University of Washington HCDE 518 Introductions – You – Design Activity  Invent a control for a smart home of the future by: 1.Describing your users 2.Describing your users’ needs 3.Describing the functions 4.Sketching its appearance

University of Washington HCDE 518 Design Activity: Process 1.Design Time (10 minutes) a.Work in teams of 4 b.Define users, needs, and functions c.Create a sketch 2. Presentation Time (1 minute each) a.My Name is … b.My Name is … c.This is our control d.This control is for … e.Use this control to …

University of Washington HCDE 518 Design Activity: Reflection Interaction Design – designing interactive products to support the way people communicate and interact in their everyday and working lives in a way that creates an overall positive, engaging, and productive experience

University of Washington HCDE 518 BREAK – 10 MINUTES Distraction:

University of Washington HCDE 518 Syllabus  Basic Info  Assessment  Assignments  Project  Labs  Course Topics

University of Washington HCDE 518 Basic Course Info  Website:   Mailing List:   Readings:  All posted online, but you can buy several of the books for easier reading: Moggridge Buxton

University of Washington HCDE 518 Assessment Grades will be posted via Catalyst’s GradeBook and handed back in class ComponentWorth Class Participation10% Reading Reflections15% Individual Assignments15% Sketching Project10% Group Design Project40% Final Exam10%

University of Washington HCDE 518 Participation – 10% Treat all with respect – be constructive in all discussions Come to class prepared – read carefully prior to class meetings Be an active listener – be attentive, be engaged, use in- class technology with discretion Ask challenging questions Comment, build on, or clarify others' contributions Help your classmates use technologies Post useful or interesting information to the class discussion list Visit the instructor during office hours to chat, to ask questions, or to give feedback.

University of Washington HCDE 518 Readings – 15%  There is a lot of reading in this course  As graduate students, I assume that you like to read  Readings are all available on course web page  None of the readings are pointless  Reading Reflections  Rn on the schedule  8 total reflections  About words per response  Post on GoPost by classtime the day they're due

University of Washington HCDE 518 Assignments – 15% AssignmentWorthDue A1: Thinking About Design5%10/7/11 A2: Look, Learn, Ask, Try5%10/21/11 A3: Paper Prototype5%11/16/11

University of Washington HCDE 518 Project – 40%  Group project enabling you to apply the lessons learned in class to a real problem  Work in teams of 4  Teams & research questions determined weeks 2-3  Class time will be provided for coordinating team efforts

University of Washington HCDE 518 Project Topics  CHI 2012 Student Design Competition Theme  Space, Place, Threshold: Considering the Experience of Home from Within and Without   Industry Sponsored Projects from HCDE Corporate Advisory Board  Salesforce.com  GeneralUI  Microsoft  Others  Anything else you’re interested in  More guidance will be given later on

University of Washington HCDE 518 Project Project ComponentWorthDue Date P0: Design Question & Team Form1%10/14/11 P1: User Research & Personas10%11/4/11 P2: Ideation & Sketching5%11/9/11 P3: Prototypes10%12/2/11 P4: Final Report including Evaluation14%12/14/11

University of Washington HCDE 518 Team Composition  4 members from a diverse team  I get to choose teams….  …but you get some input  Fill out team form  Turn in at the end of class

University of Washington HCDE 518 Sketching Project – 10% Think about the products and things you use in everyday life They were all designed by someone! Designs are rarely perfect the first time Sketching is an important skill in design Quantity + Practice increases ability Sketching is an activity and thought process and way of communicating ideas to others

University of Washington HCDE 518 Sketching Project  In weeks 2-9, sketch at least 3 new ideas for how you might improve everyday interactive objects relating to that week’s theme  Must have at least 24 sketches by the end of the quarter

University of Washington HCDE 518 Sketching Project  Each Friday in weeks 2-9 bring your sketchbook to class with 3 sketcthes  You will meet in small groups to critique each others’ ideas and take notes  At the end of the quarter, you’ll submit your sketchbook and a short report that reflects on your experience

University of Washington HCDE 518 Themes  S1: 10/5: Open-ended: Sketch three new improvements or design ideas to any problem you want  S2: 10/12: Theme: Travel & Transportation: Sketch three ideas relating to air and car travel, bus travel, bicycling, etc.  S3: 10/19: Specific: Mobile Phone Re-use: Using today’s Huang & Truong reading as your user research, sketch three ideas for how you might re-use recycled cell phones  S4: 10/26: Theme: Recreation, Fitness & Sports: Sketch three ideas relating to playing sports, moving your body, exercising, spectator sports, outdoor activities, etc.  S5: 11/2: Specific: Your Project: sketch three ideas for solutions to your team project’s design question based on your own user research  S6: 11/9: Open-ended: sketch three new improvements or design ideas to any problem you want  S7: 11/16: Theme: Education: Sketch three ideas related to class lectures, assignment turn-ins, elementary school education, classroom designs, etc.  S8: 11/30: Very Specific: Using the Tee et al. article from Week 3 as user research, sketch three ideas for components of a website that can be used to support communication between distance- separated families

University of Washington HCDE 518 A Note about Drawing Skills  Good drawing skills are not required…  Stick figures, scribbles, boxes, lines, and annotations are perfectly acceptable! Quality is not important, only idea and quantity.  However, you can take a drawing class if you want to get better  ASUW Experimental College offers classes: Drawing for Absolute Beginners

University of Washington HCDE 518 Final Exam – 10%  Finals week – Wednesday, Dec. 14, 6:00-7:50 P.M.  Based on readings  Conducted at home, but timed  Designed to take approximately 2 hours  Should be easy if you keep up with the readings and lecture material

University of Washington HCDE 518 Policies  Academic integrity  Grading  Extensions  Late assignments  Accommodation  Quality of written assignments  Attendance  Food

University of Washington HCDE 518 My Expectations of You  Be here on time  Do the readings before class  Turn in everything on time  Speak up in class  Turn off cell phones, no texting  No , IM, web  Respect each other  There are no stupid questions/ideas

University of Washington HCDE 518 What You Can Expect of Me  I will be here on time  Your assignments will be graded in a timely manner  Typically within 1-2 weeks  I will respond to in a timely manner  Typically within 24 hours  If I don’t know the answer to your question, I will find out  I will treat you as professional colleagues  You will have several chances to evaluate the course

University of Washington HCDE 518 Course Topics Design Process, Fundamentals of Interaction User Research Methods Conveying User Research Personas & Scenarios Sketching Prototyping Lo-Fi, Hi-Fi Evaluation Current Trends & Issues

University of Washington HCDE 518 What this course isn’t  This course isn’t about technology  It isn’t (just) about user interfaces  It isn’t about “user friendly”  It isn’t about programming

University of Washington HCDE 518 What this course is  This course is about engaging users to design the human-computer system  It is about interaction, not interface  It is about user success  “User friendly” isn’t enough  Mantra: “The user is not like me!”

University of Washington HCDE 518 What you will learn  Design  design process  design methods  creating useful and usable things!  Science  conduct usability evaluations  empirical methods, how to handle data  Art  an eye for the good, the bad, and the  what to do about them ugly

University of Washington HCDE 518 IDEO’s Deep Dive  Excellent example of the user-centered design process  IDEO’s Deep Dive Video  Part  Part  Part 3 -

University of Washington HCDE 518 Discussion

University of Washington HCDE 518 BREAK – 10 MINUTES

University of Washington HCDE 518 What is Design?  Process of creating or shaping tools or artifacts for direct human use Processes, methods Creative endeavor Outputs are thingspeople-centered concerns

University of Washington HCDE 518 Characteristics of Design  Design…  is conscious  keeps human concerns in the center  is a conversation with materials  is creative  is communication  has social implications  is a social activity

University of Washington HCDE 518 Design vs. Engineering  Engineering  Make a mostly-known outcome possible  Construct a sturdy bridge based on specifications  Concerned with what can be done  Reliance on well-established formulae  Humans may or may not be directly “in the loop”  Design  Envision new possibilities, new outcomes  Determine what outcome should result among infinite possibilities  Reliance on process over formulae  Humans are central actors “in the loop”

University of Washington HCDE 518 Design vs. Art  Design (as we regard it) concerns the creation of something useful and usable  Art does not bother with this restriction  The test: how to deem what is “good”?

University of Washington HCDE 518 Other Contrasts  Interface vs. interaction design  Artifact versus sequence  Graphic < interface < interaction < user experience  Usability vs. user experience (UX) design  Evaluation versus holistic design  Designing it right vs. the right design

University of Washington HCDE 518 design vs. Design  design: the general activity we’ve been talking about so far  Design: the formal field, including theory, methods, literature, and practice

University of Washington HCDE 518 Who Does Design?  Designers!  Designers are often…  Applied anthropologists  Design ethnographers  Social psychologists  Cognitive psychologists  Experimental psychologists  Computer scientists  Engineers  Interface designers  Interaction designers  Industrial designers  Graphic designers  Information architects  Usability professionals  Technical writers  Dramatists

University of Washington HCDE 518 Can Anyone be a Designer?  Don Norman says “yes”  Mostly in the “design” sense  Bill Buxton says “no”  Mostly in the “Design” sense  What do you think?

University of Washington HCDE 518

What is Designed?  “Look around you. The only thing not designed is Nature.”  David Kelley  Anything consciously intended for human use is designed  Often poorly, though :(

University of Washington HCDE 518 Why is Design Hard?  Interface design is multidisciplinary  Judging/predicting which designs will be successful and which will not is difficult  It is simply hard to come up with good solutions  The space of “the possible” is vast compared to the space of “the good”

University of Washington HCDE 518 Why is Design Hard?  All design involves making tradeoffs  Can’t maximize everything  Good designs are non-obvious  Humans are unpredictable  Humans make errors  Mistakes  Slips  Design relies on process expertise, not knowledge expertise

University of Washington HCDE 518 Core Skills of Design  To synthesize a solution from all of the relevant constraints, understanding everything that will make a difference to the result  To frame, or reframe, the problem and objective  To create and envision alternatives.  To select from those alternatives, knowing intuitively how to choose the best approach.  To visualize and prototype the intended solution

University of Washington HCDE 518 One View of the Design Process

University of Washington HCDE 518 Sketches on Design Thinking (Andy Ko)

University of Washington HCDE 518 Design is not just “lipstick on a pig”  Not just changing how things look  Or making things pretty  Or designing graphics

University of Washington HCDE 518 Interaction design mantras  “The user is not like me.” –Don Norman  “The best way to have good ideas is to have lots of ideas.” – Linus Pauling  “Fail often to succeed sooner.” – IDEO  “Enlightened trial-and-error succeeds over the careful planning of the lone genius.” – IDEO

University of Washington HCDE 518 “The user is not like me”  Why not? (from Norman)  Designers are much more familiar with the interface and with the problems being solved than users.  Designers are confident. Users are often fearful.  Designers work in settings that are different than the context in which the product may be used.  Designers may have different skills than users (e.g., perceptual, cognitive, or domain skills).

University of Washington HCDE 518 Repeat it out loud  “The user is not like me”

University of Washington HCDE 518 BREAK – 5 MINUTES

University of Washington HCDE 518 A1: Thinking about Design  Think about the objects with which you interact and how they’re designed  Derive design principles  Assignment description posted online (A1)  Due next Wednesday, 10/5/11

University of Washington HCDE 518 VIDEOS – WHAT IS DESIGN?

University of Washington HCDE 518 Interviews from Moggridge (2007)  Gillian Crampton Smith (Director, Ivrea)  What is interaction design?  4 minutes  Bill Verplank (Xerox Star)  MyPC  3 minutes  Cordell Ratzlaff (Mac OS X)  MyPC  3 minutes

University of Washington HCDE 518 Lessons?  What lessons do these interviews hold?

University of Washington HCDE 518 Next Class Topics  Wednesday, October 5th  The User-Centered Design Process  Upcoming Work  Get started on readings and reflections  Assignment 1  Obtain a sketchbook  Sketch 3 sketches on whatever you want (open-ended)