Bartholomew, Charles Lewis. "Cartoon Showing President Grover Cleveland, Carrying Book 'What I Know About Women's Clubs,' Being Chased with an Umbrella by Susan B. Anthony, as Uncle Sam Laughs in Background." Between 1892 and Prints and Photographs Division, Cartoon Drawings, Library of Congress.

A.Changed the way goods were produced * Transformed the textile industry. * The _________________ invention spun several (8) threads at once. * Began in Europe the century before. Spinning Jenny

1. New York Merchant Moses Brown a.Hired Englishman _______ ___________ to build a mill using British ideas. 2.Machinery turned raw cotton into finished cloth. a.___________ Mill in Massachusetts launched the __________________. b. Described as being a model community. Capitalists Samuel Slater Lowell’s factory system

3.Inventor _____________ a.New Technology: i.Created ______________ ______  Speeded gun making and other production Lowell Girls Eli Whitney InterchangeableParts

Cotton Gin

1. Known as _______________ * Inner cities – Hub for govt., and spiritual, cultural life. 1. Housing – single family and row 2. Factories – located on outskirts 3. Farms – outlying areas D.1820s - _____of Americans were farmers urbanization 65%

A. Innovation Encourages Growth of the Nation 1. ______ first census – U.S. population of nearly ____ million. 2. By ____ - population increased to about ____ million. 3. Private companies built ____________ or ___________. * In muddy areas __________ roads were constructed turnpikes toll roads corduroy

4. In _______ the first section of the _________________ opened. It eventually stretched from Western ___________ to Vandalia, ________. 5. Railroads link cities – farmers to markets, passengers too. * Faster transportation improves trade 6. More Efficient Shipping – increases international trade 7. Telegraph improves communication 8. Shift from farming to Industrial based economy National Road MarylandIllinois

B. New Technology 1. Era of the Steamboat * _______________ developed a powerful steamboat. 2. Canals – * ______________ linked the ______________ to Lake Erie i. Series of locks raised & lowered water level Robert Fulton Erie Canal Hudson River Hudson River

C. Transportation and Daily Life – first _____ delivery to home. 2. _______________ available to rural communities - brings national news mail Newspapers III. The North’s People A.Northern Factories 1._______________ shifted to mills and factories. 2. To increase productivity workers averaged _____ hours/day. Manufacturing 11.4

3. Attempts to Organize a. By 1830s ____________ began to form. b. Skilled workers sometimes staged _______ to improve conditions. Accidents trade unions strikes

a. Although little slavery in the North – free African Americans lacked equality. * Often barred or segregated in ______________ and public facilities like _________. b.First African American Newspaper _________________ prejudice discrimination public schools hospitals Freedom’s Journal

B.The Rise of Cities 1. Workers migrate to urban areas seeking ____________. 2. Cities along _____ and lakes grew rapidly. 3. Immigration a.Increased dramatically between _____ a.Increased dramatically between _____ 1. More than ____ million arrived from _______ because of the potato_______. 10 work/jobs rivers Irelandfamine

3. The 2 nd largest group was from _________. Including many _______ seeking religious freedom. Including many _______ seeking religious freedom. More than __________ arrived. More than __________ arrived. b.Immigrants brought their __________ _________________ and way of life with them. factoriesmanual Germany Jews 1 million languages customs, religions

Accused newcomers of bringing crime and disease. Accused newcomers of bringing crime and disease. Issues related to poverty. Issues related to poverty. Nativists 5.The Know-Nothing Party – called for stricter ___________ laws. 6.Issue of _______ also divided North and South. citizenship slavery 1820 map of the Missouri Compromise

A. The Reforming Spirit a. Brought changes to America like _____________________________________ b. Some reformers sought to form ________, but few lasted. c. The Second ______________ _inspired many to do __________ work and participate in _______ movements. religion, politics, education, art and literature utopias Great Awakening missionary reform

temperance poverty and crime e.___________________ who wrote “Civil Disobedience” can be compared to _____________________ because both supported peaceful protest of unfair laws. Henry David Thoreau Dr. Martin Luther King

A. The Reforming Spirit public education Horace Mann curriculum Normal School Horace Mann Millersville University, founded in 1855, started as Lancaster County Normal School.

ii. Most females had a ______ education. 1. Few studied ________, Math and ________ considered “mens” subjects. b. Higher Education i. ______________ of Ohio admitted both ________ and African Americans. ii. Mary Lyon opened _____________ the first permanent women’s college. limited Science History Oberlin College women Mount Holyoke Mount Holyoke Mary Lyon

Thomas Gallaudet visually impaired Dorothea Dix prisoners mentally ill Thomas Gallaudet Dorothea Dix Eastern State Penitentiary

a. The spirit of reform inspired ________________ who believed in the importance of individual ___________. i. Henry David Thoreau, Margaret Fuller, and ____________________ led others with their writing. b. American Writers Emerge i. ______________________ wrote the “Song of Haiwatha” and “Paul Revere’s Ride.” ii. _______________ wrote of the world of imagination and dreams, for example “The Raven.” C. Culture Trends transcendentalists conscience Ralph Waldo Emerson Henry Wadsworth Longfellow Edgar Allen Poe

iv. Writer ____________________ wrote the antislavery novel _________________. Walt Whitman Harriet Beecher Stowe Uncle Tom’s Cabin A.Women and Reform 1.The Seneca Falls Convention a.__________, a Quaker, gave lectures calling for ___________________ _______________________ Lucretia Mott temperance, peace, women’s rights, abolition. James & Lucretia Mott

b. July ____ the first women’s rights convention was held in Seneca Falls, NY. * They issued a ____________________ patterned after the “Declaration of Independence.” * It calls for an end to all laws that ______________ against women. * The most controversial issue was ________. Elizabeth Cady Stanton 1848 “Declaration of Sentiments & Resolutions” discriminated suffrage Elizabeth Cady Stanton

a. ________________ worked for _____________ and ___________. * She sought equal ____,______ training and ____________. b.Women’s suffrage eventually became law in ____. 2. The Women’s Rights Movement Susan B. Anthony women’s rights temperance paycollege coeducation 1920

a. ____________ established the Troy________________. 1. They taught subjects like math, _______ ____________ ________typically taught to boys. b. Mary Lyon established Mount Holyoke Female Seminary, modeled after nearby Amherst College. 1. Opportunities for Education Emma Willard Female Seminary History, geography, and physics

a. Some states recognized the right of women to own _______ after their marriage. b. In some states, new laws allowed women to share____________ of their _________ with their husbands. c.Indiana was the first state allowing women to seek a ________ from their husband if they chronically ____________. property guardianship children divorce abused alcohol

a. Few career choices available – women could become elementary ________ or study _________ or the ________. * ____________ graduated at the head of her class to become a _______. teachers medicineministry Elizabeth Blackwell doctor Despite many gains, women were limited byDespite many gains, women were limited by ______________ and ____________ of the 1800s. social customs expectations Elizabeth Blackwell