Biology & The Characteristics of Life

 The study of _____. I. What is BIOLOGY? life

 Biological principles are daily being applied for the ______________ - in controlling disease, improving health, developing better foods, conserving natural resources and understanding our environment. What is the value of Biology? benefit of man

 Industry, agriculture, government, and the medical profession provide unlimited _______________________ to young people with a biological background.  Students find that biology offers many interesting and rewarding _______ as well as giving them a better understanding of themselves and a greater ____________ of the living things that surround them. Why do we study Biology? vocational opportunities hobbies appreciation

 Biology students should be ____________ and use careful judgment. A healthy _________; belief in cause and effect, and order in nature is imperative. How do we study Biology? open-minded curiosity

1. How would you define the word LIFE to a young child? Answer the following questions:

A CELL 2. What is the basic unit of life?

3. Do you believe there IS life elsewhere in the universe? Explain your answer

3. List some activities of living things.

Characteristics of Living Things

 _____ = basic unit of structure and function of all living things.  Unicellular – bacterium, paramecium, amoeba  Multicellular – humans, snakes, plants, etc. 1. Made of one or more _____: cells Cell

 Each organized structure in an organism has a specific ________.  Ex: an anteater’s snout functions as a container for its long tongue.  All parts form an _______ functioning unit. 2. Displays Organization function orderly

 Species must replace themselves.  Is _____ necessary for the survival of the ___________ organism; it is needed for the survival of the _______! 3. Reproduces NOT individual species

 Living things grow because their CELLS grow and divide!  _______ = the increase in living material (cellular mass) and the formation of new structures.  ____________ = the changes that take place during the life of the organism. 4. Grows and Develops Growth Development

 _________ = a condition in the environment that creates a response from the organism.  Ex: temperature, weather, other organisms, etc.  _________ = the reaction to a stimulus  Critical for the safety and ________ of an organism! 5. Responds to Stiumuli: Stimulus Response survival

 Ex: _________ = shark smells blood in the water; _________ = shark moves quickly toward the blood and attacks any organism present. Stimulus Response

 _______ = the ability to do work or to make things move.  Powers life processes  Maintains ____________, _______, ____________, and __________.  Obtained from the ______ they eat. (Plants make their own!) 6. Requires Energy: Energy homeostasis growth reproduction movement FOOD

 Main source of energy for all life is the ____  Energy not only flows through the organism, but also through the community. Sun

 ____________ = the regulation of an organism’s internal environment to maintain conditions that allow it to live.  Ex: Human’s _________ and __________, help the body maintain its proper ____________ - regulated by the hypothalamus.  Ex: ______________ of the blood is regulated by hormones. 7. Maintains Homeostasis: Homeostasis sweatingshivering temperature pH regulation

 Ex: ________ regulation for nerve and muscle function – regulated by the kidneys and intestine.  Ex: _____________ balance – regulated by the pancreas/insulin  Ex: ______ balance – regulated via food/water intake and waste elimination. Calcium Blood glucose Water

Long hind legs enable rabbits to quickly avoid predators; fur to _________ body temperature; changing fur color for different seasons.  ___________ = are structures, behaviors, or internal processes that enable an organism to respond to stimuli.  Structure and behavior examples: 8. Adaptations Evolve Over Time Adaptations regulate

 Internal stimuli examples:  ______ balance, ____ balance and _________. Salt Water infections

 __________  Motion vs. Locomotion – what is the difference?  Motion = ___________________  Locomotion = ______________ _______________________________ Movement movement/gestures The ability to move or travel from place to place

 1. Energy  Main source of energy → _____  Plants get energy directly from the sun.  _____________ get energy from dead animals and plants.  Animals get energy from eating ______ or an organism that eats plants. IV. Basic Needs of Life: SUN Decomposers plants

 2. Water, Oxygen and Minerals  Most organisms need _______ in order to survive.  Living things are made up of about ____ water. IV. Basic Needs of Life: WATER 70%