BLOOD GROUPS / DISORDERS Blood Unit PowerPoint

ABO Blood Groups The ABO blood groups are based on which of two antigens (type A or type B) a person inherits. Absence of both antigens result in a O blood type, and presence of both antigens leads to type AB. The possession of either A or B antigens yields type A or B blood. The Blood that a person can receive during a transfusion depends on what type of blood they have.

AB Frequency (% U.S. Population) RBC Antigens (agglutinogens) Plasma Antibodies (agglutinins) Blood That Can Be Received White : 4% Black: 4% Asian: 5% ABAB NoneA, B, AB, O Universal recipient

B Frequency (% U.S. Population) RBC Antigens (agglutinogens) Plasma Antibodies (agglutinins) Blood That Can Be Received White : 11% Black: 20% Asian: 27% BAnti- AB, O

A Frequency (% U.S. Population) RBC Antigens (agglutinogens) Plasma Antibodies (agglutinins) Blood That Can Be Received White : 40% Black: 27% Asian: 28% AAnti- BO Universal Donor

O Frequency (% U.S. Population) RBC Antigens (agglutinogens) Plasma Antibodies (agglutinins) Blood That Can Be Received White : 45% Black: 49% Asian: 40% NoneAnti- A Anti- B O Universal Donor

Thrombocytopenia (platelets) Results from an insufficient number of circulating platelets. It is the most common cause of abnormal bleeding Even normal movement causes spontaneous bleeding from small blood vessels. It might result from impaired liver function or certiain genetic conditions It can come from any condition that suppresses myeloid tissue (bone marrow, cancer, radiation, or certain drugs.) It causes small purple blotches on the skin (called petechiae)

Thrombocytopenia (pictures)

Hemophilia (red blood cells) Is a group of hereditary generic disorders that impair the body’s ability to control blood clotting or coagulation, which is used to stop bleeding when a blood vessel is broken. The hemophilias all have similar signs and symptoms that begin early in life Even minor tissue trauma results in prolonged bleeding and can be life-threatening (even a bloody nose) Repeated bleeding into joints causes them to become disabled and painful Given transfusions of fresh plasma or injections of the purified clotting factor they lack (during a bleeding)

Hemophilia (pictures)

Leukocytosis (white blood cells) Leukocytosis is a white blood cell count (the leukocyte count) above the normal range in the blood, it occurs when too many WBCs are released into your blood (When you total WBC count is above 11,000 calls/mm^3) Generally indicates that a bacterial or viral infection is stewing in the body It is a normal response to infectious threats to the body there are 5 different types and the most common is Neutrophilia It commonly causes Infections, inflammation, and bone marrow problems

Leukocytosis (pictures)