Compare excerpts from the Declaration of Independence, Bill of Rights and the Declaration of the Rights of Man. - Describe the progression of the American Revolution Compare excerpts from the Declaration of Independence, Bill of Rights and the Declaration of the Rights of Man. - Describe the progression of the American Revolution

The POWER of ideas! The new ideas of the Enlightenment… The new ideas of the Enlightenment… … led to the American Revolution… … led to the American Revolution… … which led to the French Revolution!! … which led to the French Revolution!!

Compare and Contrast Create a Venn diagram comparing American documents to the French document Create a Venn diagram comparing American documents to the French document Read Declaration of Independence andRead Declaration of Independence and Bill of Rights Bill of Rights Read Declaration of the Rights of ManRead Declaration of the Rights of Man

Declaration of Independence & Bill of Rights Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen Uses emotional language Specific, logical conclusion Persuasive Clear complaints Reads like a law code No conclusion, or next step Less persuasive States general rights Sovereignty resides w/people Refers to natural, inalienable rights Equality Rt to overthrow Protect rights of people From a Powerful govt Neither mentions slavery or women’s rights

Revolutionary Goals: Enlightenment ideas of liberty and equality greatly influenced the goals of political revolutions: Enlightenment ideas of liberty and equality greatly influenced the goals of political revolutions: “Liberty consists of being able to do anything that does not harm another person.” (Declaration of the Rights of Man, French Revolution). “Liberty consists of being able to do anything that does not harm another person.” (Declaration of the Rights of Man, French Revolution). It was also a call for a new kind of government where the people held “sovereignty” rather than a king. It was also a call for a new kind of government where the people held “sovereignty” rather than a king. Social and political equality were also included, how- Social and political equality were also included, how- ever, not economic equality (only equal opportunity to ever, not economic equality (only equal opportunity to gain property), nor did this idea include women. gain property), nor did this idea include women. Ancient Greek and Judeo-Christian tradition of individual- ism was strong as well: Ancient Greek and Judeo-Christian tradition of individual- ism was strong as well: The ideas of human dignity, faith in science, rational- ism, no censorship and progress were old ideas but grew popular during the Enlightenment. The ideas of human dignity, faith in science, rational- ism, no censorship and progress were old ideas but grew popular during the Enlightenment.

John Locke and the baron de Montesquieu were the two most influential philosophes of the period. John Locke and the baron de Montesquieu were the two most influential philosophes of the period. Locke that if a government fails to protect the natural rights of life, liberty and property it becomes a tyranny.Locke that if a government fails to protect the natural rights of life, liberty and property it becomes a tyranny. Montesquieu argued that a constitutional representative government is best to safeguard liberties and rights.Montesquieu argued that a constitutional representative government is best to safeguard liberties and rights. HOWEVER, this did not mean democracy, but rather voting right be limited to those who held “a stake in society” who owned property (the bourgeoisie).HOWEVER, this did not mean democracy, but rather voting right be limited to those who held “a stake in society” who owned property (the bourgeoisie). Revolutionary Goals: John Locke Montesquieu

After Seven Years War, England maintained a colonial army. “Stamp Act” (1765) was used to tax colonists. Colonists accustomed to much liberty/freedom. Boston Tea Party (1773). Britain responded with the “Coercive Acts” (1773). First Continental Congress (1774). Fighting begins at Lexington and Concord (1775) Paine’s “Common Sense” attacked the idea of Britain controlling the colonies (1776). Second Continental Congress signs Declaration of Independence July 4, Steps in The American Revolution ( )

Signing of the Declaration of Independence (1776)

After Seven Years War, England maintained a colonial army “Stamp Act” (1765) Colonists accustomed to much liberty/freedom. Boston Tea Party. Coercive Acts. First Continental Congress (1774) Fighting begins at Lexington and Concord (1775) Paine’s “Common Sense” attacked the idea of Britain controlling the colonies. Second Continental Congress signs Declaration of Independence July 4, France allies with American colonists leading to victory at the Battle of Yorktown in Steps in The American Revolution ( )

Cornwallis’ Surrender at Yorktown: Painted by John Trumbull “The World Turned Upside Down!” 1781

North America After the Treaty of Paris, 1783

Components of the Constitution Constitution (1787) was further defined with the Bill of Rights (1789) Established a “Federal System” Stressed representative government Checks and Balances legislative judicial executive This came to be called “Classical Liberalism”- protecting individual freedoms with safeguards in the government.