Yoshikoder Rachel Campbell, Shawna Jackson, and Lisa Tselebidis

Yoshikoder: The Basics  Created by Will Lowe at Harvard’s Department of Government  Can provide a word count, custom dictionary word count, and concordances (KWIC)  Available for free at  Some “standard” dictionaries also available at website

Yoshikoder: Building Dictionaries  Dictionaries contain categories and patterns  Categories are general terms that patterns fall under  Patterns are the words that are actually searched when performing a word count  Wildcards are allowed  Employ* will search for “employ,” “employment,” “employed,” etc.  The name of the category must be included as a pattern if the user wishes for it be searched

Yoshikoder: Rationale  Our purpose was to analyze news reports on the Republican primary debate that occurred on 9/22/11  Transcript of the debate was compared with three other news sources  Cleveland Plain Dealer  San Jose Mercury News  CNN  Specific rationale was to compare the issues reported on by each outlet to all the issues presented at the actual debate

Yoshikoder Screen Yoshikoder: Getting Started

Creating a new project Yoshikoder: New Project

Naming a new project Yoshikoder: New Project

Add a document in the system’s default encoding (needs to be a txt-file) Yoshikoder: Adding Documents

Highlight the file or… Yoshikoder: Adding Documents

… the files you want to analyze and open it/them. Yoshikoder: Adding Documents

Chosen files are being uploaded. Text of highlighted file is visible in the middle. Yoshikoder: Adding Documents

Import external dictionary or… Yoshikoder: Adding Dictionaries

… create custom dictionary. 1 st Step 2 nd Step 3 rd Step4 th Step Yoshikoder: Creating Dictionaries

Name of the dictionary Category Patterns Yoshikoder: Creating Dictionaries Important to know: First highlight the category/pattern you want to add to by clicking on it Yoshikoder includes wildcards (*) in its search

Yoshikoder: Highlighting

Highlights words in the selected document matching the currently selected pattern (can also select a category).

Yoshikoder: Concordance

Yoshikoder: Concordance (also called KWIC) Makes a concordance in the selected document for words matching the currently selected pattern (can also select a category).

Yoshikoder: Analysis Types of analyses: Document Word Frequencies: Shows frequencies for each word in the currently selected document. All Word Frequencies: Shows word frequencies for each document in the project. Unified Word Frequencies: Shows word frequencies for all documents together. (all documents need to be highlighted all at once) Dictionary Report: Applies the dictionary to the current selected document. Document Comparison: Applies the dictionary to two documents and compares the results. Statistical Comparison Report: Compares risk ratios for category proportion differences in two documents.

Yoshikoder: Analysis Comparison of a Republican primary debate with its news coverage. Three different sources of coverage: CNN (national) San Jose Mercury News (local) Cleveland Plain Dealer (local)  Looking for differences regarding the coverage of issues being debated.

Yoshikoder: Analysis – Document Word Frequencies

Yoshikoder: Analysis – All Word Frequencies

Yoshikoder: Analysis – Unified Word Frequencies

Yoshikoder: Analysis – Dictionary Report

Yoshikoder: Analysis – Document Comparison

Yoshikoder: Analysis – Statistical Comparison Report

Yoshikoder: Analysis

Results CNN report covered each of the seven issues (or categories) Plain Dealer did not include Health or Education Mercury News did not include War) Top issues in CNN report were Immigration and Social Security Top issue in Mercury News report was Social Security Top issue in Plain Dealer report was Economy No media outlet perfectly mirrors coverage of issues in debate