Chapter 24 The Origin of Species. Microevolution (you will remember from chapter 23) is … Chapter 24 The Origin of Species.

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THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES CHAPTER 24.
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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 24 The Origin of Species

Microevolution (you will remember from chapter 23) is … Chapter 24 The Origin of Species

Microevolution (you will remember from chapter 23) is the generation- to-generation change in allele frequencies within a species Chapter 24 The Origin of Species

Microevolution (you will remember from chapter 23) is the generation- to-generation change in allele frequencies within a species. Macroevolution (on the other hand) is the origin of new species. Chapter 24 The Origin of Species

Macroevolution happens two ways: Chapter 24 The Origin of Species

Macroevolution happens two ways: Anagenesis – linear evolution Cladagenesis – branching evolution Chapter 24 The Origin of Species

Macroevolution happens two ways: Anagenesis – linear evolution Cladagenesis – branching evolution Chapter 24 The Origin of Species

Macroevolution happens two ways: Anagenesis – linear evolution Cladagenesis – branching evolution Chapter 24 The Origin of Species

What is a species? Chapter 24 The Origin of Species

What is a species? Reproductive isolation based on prezygotic and postzygotic barriers. Chapter 24 The Origin of Species

Habitats Mating behaviors Mating seasons Mechanical incompatibility Gamete incompatibility. Chapter 24 The Origin of Species Prezygotic barriers:

Embryo is inviable Offspring do not survive to adulthood Offspring are infertile. Chapter 24 The Origin of Species Postzygotic barriers:

Species concept does not apply to: Chapter 24 The Origin of Species

Species concept does not apply to: Fossils Asexual reproduction. Chapter 24 The Origin of Species

Other proposed definitions of species: Chapter 24 The Origin of Species

Other proposed definitions of species: Ecological Morphological Pluralistic Genealogical. Chapter 24 The Origin of Species

Speciation Allopatric – Sympatric – Chapter 24 The Origin of Species

Speciation Allopatric – Geographic barriers divide a population Sympatric – Chapter 24 The Origin of Species

Speciation Allopatric – Geographic barriers divide a population Sympatric – New species develop in the midst of parent species. Chapter 24 The Origin of Species

Causes of sympatric speciation: Chapter 24 The Origin of Species

Causes of sympatric speciation: Polyploidy (mostly in plants) Host switching (in parasites) Nonrandom mating (in polymorphic populations). Chapter 24 The Origin of Species

Punctuated equilibrium Species change quickly as they bud off from parent species, then change relatively little for the rest of their existence.

Evolutionary Novelties Chapter 24 The Origin of Species

Evolutionary Novelties Modifications of older structures Chapter 24 The Origin of Species

Evolutionary Novelties Modifications of older structures Functions may change or may stay the same. Chapter 24 The Origin of Species

“Evo-Devo” Chapter 24 The Origin of Species

“Evo-Devo” Genes that control development play a major role in evolution. Chapter 24 The Origin of Species

“Evo-Devo” Chapter 24 The Origin of Species

“Evo-Devo” Chapter 24 The Origin of Species

A trend is not a goal. Chapter 24 The Origin of Species Evolution is not goal oriented.

A trend is not a goal. Chapter 24 The Origin of Species Evolution is not goal oriented..

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