Crater Lake: Oregon Mount Mazama Volcano Mauna Loa Hawaii fissure.

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Presentation transcript:

Crater Lake: Oregon Mount Mazama Volcano Mauna Loa Hawaii fissure

What is a volcano:A weakened place in the Earths crust where magma erupts as lava.

Magma: Molten rock, gases, and water. Melting from: Heat, pressure, and water Lava: mostly molten rock, the gases and water evaporate at the surface.

Major volcanic zones: 1. Ring of fire because of subduction zones. Island arcs

2. Mid-Ocean Ridges: seafloor spreading, pillow lava’s Iceland

Hot Spot Volcano’s: Hawaii, Yellowstone,Hawaii, Yellowstone, Congo, 1.Mantle plumes of magma feed these volcano’s from deep in the mantle.

sill dike Volcanic neck Extinct volcano Lava rock

Plutons

Devils Tower is a Pluton

Section 2: Volcanic Eruptions 1.Mafic Eruptions: Magnesium Ma and iron Fe so….. MaFic a. Low Silica (sand or quartz) and gas b. Low Viscosity: Very runny lava c. Quiet eruptions

d. Pahoehoe lava “ropy”: very mafic, runny

e. Aa lava: sharp jagged lava.

f. Blocky lava: higher silica and viscosity.

Felsic Eruptions: 1.Violent 2. High in silica 3.Granitic in nature. Pyroclastic flow

Types of Volcanoes: 1.Shield volcano: like a shield laying upside down. Hawaii is a huge shield volcano

Hawaii shield

Composite Volcano alternating layers of lava and ash build the Volcano into its classic shape.

Lava flows Ash layers

Toba Caldera: Indonesia

The eruption takes place at several places at the same time within the volcano.

Cinder cone: Steep side and made of cinders.

Erupting cinder cone in Hawaii