Acids and Bases

Acids Proton donor H + Donor Turns litmus Red pH < 7.0 Tastes sour Reacts with a base to make H 2 O React with metals

Acids Found in many foods (makes you pucker) Used in manufacturing Allows for life

Bases Proton acceptor O H - Donor Turns Litmus blue pH > 7.0 Tastes bitter Reacts with acid to make H 2 O Feel “Slippery”

Bases Found in a few foods (Makes you “Blech”) Used in manufacturing Allows for life Causes rapid disintegration of cell membranes, giving the slippery feel More dangerous than acids to cells

Acids Around You Foods Fruits Green veggies Batteries Some Fertilizers Stomach Citric acid Folic acid Sulfuric acid Nitric acid Hydrochloric acid

Bases Around You Food: Quick breads Antacids (anti-acid) Cleaners Construction Fertilizers Baking soda Calcium carbonate Magnesium hydroxide Ammonium hydroxide (ammonia) Sodium hydroxide (Lye) Cement Ammonium hydroxide (ammonia)

Acid – Base Reactions When reacting an acid and a base, you get the general reaction of: Acid + Base → Water + Salt (YOU NEED TO KNOW THIS!!!!!!)

Acid – Base Reaction A very common reaction: H Cl + Na O H → H 2 O + Na Cl Acid Base Water Salt What type of reaction is this??? That’s right!!! Double Replacement!!!!! (The peasants rejoice)

Acid - Base Reactions When you look at a reaction: The acid will almost always have an “H” in it The base will almost always have an “OH” in it Hey look!!! If the acid has an “H”, and the base has an “OH”… “H” + “OH” make H 2 O… and that is water!!!

Reactions 2H N O 3 + Ca (O H) 2 → 2H 2 O + Ca (N O 3 ) 2 Find and label the parts of this reaction 3H Cl + Al (O H) 3 → 3H 2 O + Al Cl 3 Find and label the parts of this reaction