Challenges to the New Government 9-2

Securing the Northwest Territory Spain owned much of the land west of the Mississippi, Florida, and the port of New Orleans Native Americans claimed Northwest Territory – Ohio River and north into Canada Britain still held forts north of the Ohio River, supported Native Americans Americans wanted the ports in order to trade.

Battle of Fallen Timbers

Battle of Fallen Timbers Washington sent troops to Ohio river valley Defeated by Little Turtle Indian tribes united to defeat us army “Mad Anthony” Wayne sent to defeat the tribes

Battle of Fallen Timbers August 20, 1794, fight between 2,000 Indians and Wayne’s troops Native Americans defeated… 12 tribes signed the treaty of Greenville Agreed to surrender Ohio and Indiana regions to US

Whiskey Rebellion Conflict over government’s tax on whiskey

Whiskey Rebellion Conflict over government’s tax on whiskey Whiskey very popular among farmers Made more from whiskey than from rye Farmers used whiskey for $$

Whiskey Rebellion Summer of 1794 farmers attacked tax collectors to protest the tax on whiskey 13,000 soldiers sent to put down the uprising

Whiskey Rebellion “Such resistance is treason against society, against liberty, against everything that ought to be dear to a free, enlightened, and prudent people. To tolerate it were to abandon your most precious interests. Not to subdue it were to tolerate it.” Alexander Hamilton

The French Rebellion

The French Rebellion Inspired by the Americans, French revolutionaries demanded liberty and equality By 1792 revolution became very violent

The French Rebellion 1793 – King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette executed France then declared war on Britain, Holland, and Spain This puts the US in an awkward position WHY????

What to do????? France had been ally of US during revolution Britain was United States’ most important trading partner Washington decided US would remain… NEUTRAL

Remaining Neutral Britain made it hard to remain nuetral Seized American cargo ships sailing from West Indies Still held on to forts in Ohio Valley

Remaining Neutral Chief Justice John Jay goes to England to work this out Jay’s Treaty called for British to pay damages to ships British agreed to leave Ohio Valley Jay’s Treaty unpopular because it failed to open West Indies trade to Americans

Remaining Neutral Thomas Pinckney helps reduce tensions along frontier Pinckney’s Treaty Americans could travel freely down Mississippi River Could store goods in New Orleans without paying customs duties Spain accepted 31st parallel as Southern boundary of US

Meanwhile…change was coming back east as Washington stepped down. To Be Continued…