Beyond ECDIS: navigation for the next 20 years Captain Shepard M Beyond ECDIS: navigation for the next 20 years Captain Shepard M. Smith, NOAA Chief, Marine Chart Division Office of Coast Survey

Agenda Technology Improvements Privatization of printing charts Shifting Markets and Products Building a robust navigation enterprise Making better charts Measuring Organizational Performance

NCS1 Workforce Contract Federal Compile Compile Review Review ESRI Nautical Cell-based ENC Bentley Map 8 (Raster) RNC Update ENC Update Federal Review Compile Review Compile Weekly (10 people) Critical Distribution System Source Data Routine Every 1-10 years (100 people) Review Compile Review Compile ESRI Nautical Cell-based ENC Bentley Map 8 (Raster) RNC New Edition ENC New Edition

System of the future-NCS2 Vector Data Raster Data Notice To Mariners Source Data NIS Product Databases Source applied one time as it comes in Updates sent to products Published Products Weekly Updates RNC Paper ENC POD Better consistency between products since they will be derived from the same database New source can be publicly released as it is verified-between formal “editions” Some process efficiency may be realized after transition period Product suite-level control over attribution and portrayal Product finishing Consistency among products

Experience to Date-NCS2 Implementation System Accepted 2009 Cell-based ENC implementation 2012 Full implementation delayed Paper charting functionality not mature Workflow in database is cumbersome Difficult to manage conflicts in the database Implementation restarted June 2013 Pacific Islands done, California loading Risk register guides implementation

NCS2 Source Application Efficiency and Conflict Management (Legeer lead) Focus on Vector source to Vector Database source application Four main source types-hydrography, shoreline, navaids, channels Application of source to all products (ENCs, RNCs and Notices) will be done by one Compiler / Reviewer Team. Source zones will be created where short and long transaction source application will be done by only one compiler / reviewer team. Eliminates the need for two RNC production lines.

Formatting and Distribution System (Griffin Lead) Consolidating all formatting and distribution functions in one group and one system. Goal is to have all raster and ENC charts consistent in all formats at all times. Eliminating our 254 dpi production line, and moving all raster products to 400 dpi-April 1. Thursday updates for all products. Support for additional products to support mobile apps, GIS support, etc.

Web Services for Coordination and Distribution-Enterprise GIS Newly developed web service allows us to host ENCs as a layer Adding a geographic component to all planning and coordination functions Ease of access to a wide variety of authoritative datasets

Print and Distribution System for Paper Charts NOAA announced in October that we will privatize all chart printing and distribution effective April 13, 2014 We have two existing Print on Demand Partners, who have the capacity to absorb the commercial demand. Government and Military printing will be handled by the Defense Logistics Agency (DLA). Additional POD partners will be in business before April.

Freely Available PDF Charts Now Live! Three Variants Public version Edit locked, margin note, scale bars POD version Unlocked, no note DLA version Unlocked, margin note, scale bars

400 DPI RNCs April 2014

ENC Online Web map on OCS website Also web mapping services Updated weekly Ready reference tool for ENCs Now Live!

Proposed NauticalCharts.gov Common distribution point for NOAA, NGA, and USACE navigational charts Shared web mapping services Clearly demonstrates interagency coordination Supports ECS software, mobile apps, redistributors, and customers directly Currently seeking approval from DOC CIO, with letters of support from NGA and USACE

Bathy overlays for precise navigation Follow-on project from Norfolk project 2010 The form and limitations of traditional chart products do not support precise maneuvering in ports. Working with the USACE and our own hydrographic team, we are developing a high resolution bathymetric overlay for dynamic areas Compatible with ECS, Pilot carry-aboard units, but not necessarily ECDIS Pilot project in lower Mississippi. Expected pilots in LA/LB, Norfolk.

Boundary, Traffic, and other overlays There is unmet demand for information to be “put on the chart” We are working on a model whereby additional layers can be “added” to a printed chart Also published as an ENC overlay

Future of Navigation-Changiang (Yangze) River Authority in China 2600 km river system with heavy traffic and large water level fluctuations The CRA has implemented an award-winning charting and navigation system. All vessels are intermittently network connected Navaids position changes can be updated to all ships within 1 day by innovative web services Water levels are integrated with the chart system so that charted depths and contours are changed with changing water levels.

Coast Survey Value Chain SOLAS ` Software Developers Hardware Maritime Educators Websites Maritime Infrastructure Redistributors Printers & Publishers Government Military Recreational Commercial Non-Navigational Pilots Raven Google Transas ESRI ECDIS Navionics RENCs GeoGarage MapTech CMap Web Architecture Charts FADS RNC ENC POD PDF Web Services Coast Pilot Briefly describe multibeam and side scan.

Expanding User Base-New Modes of Use Small Recreational (Mobile Apps) Large Recreational (Chart Plotters) Non SOLAS Commercial (ECS) SOLAS (ECDIS) Tens of Thousands Hundreds of Thousands A Million Tens of Millions

Embrace Unregulated Navigation Technology Tremendous source of innovation Medium for chart delivery to millions of customers Connectivity creates new opportunities

Mobile Strategy Mobile navigation system technology is merging with chart plotter systems, and both are using our products. Intermittently connected systems present new opportunities We have begun to modernize OCS’ distro systems to better support this technology Tiled charts, machine-accessible IDMS, modeled T&C, notice to mariners

Making Charts Better

Crowdsourcing Charts have used crowdsourcing since Columbus (2000+ shoal reported on charts) We have signed an agreement with ActiveCaptain to have access to their hazard database through our Enterprise GIS Glang and Ward (IHB) have plans to create a public trackline bathy repository at NGDC under GEBCO, compatible with data loggers, chart plotters, VDRs, and ECSs. Challenge-Do this ourselves!

Satellite Derived Bathymetry part of “All of the Above” strategy

Future of NOAA ENCs ENC 1.0-All charts collected from raster charts and synchronized with street version (Sept 2016) ENC 1.5-All ENCs in a database with uniform attribution ENC 2.0-ENCs rebuilt to support full ECDIS functionality (and other use cases)

Marine Chart Division Dashboard

Primary (for now) performance measure

Hydro Application Backlog

Hydro Publication Backlog

But what should we be measuring? Chart Adequacy for current use. Risk-based approach Requires an understanding of current use Should be the driver for survey requirements Current Activities Chart evaluation (MCD/NSD) Explicit use case documentation (NSD) Quantitative risk analyses (MCD-Klemm) Single transit risk model (CSDL)

Chart Evaluation In preparation for new edition, compare the internally maintained chart to AIS tracks, orthophotos, crowdsourced discrepancies and bathy, satellite derived bathy, etc. Identify discrepancies and prioritize in the context of current use. Attempt to resolve with authoritative data, otherwise use best available and caveat as necessary.

Baltimore Harbor Risk Assessment IALA IWRAP-MK2 Risk Model Evaluation

Intracoastal Waterway Chart