Atmospheric clear-sky longwave radiative cooling and precipitation Richard Allan Environmental Systems Science Centre, University of Reading, UK.

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Presentation transcript:

Atmospheric clear-sky longwave radiative cooling and precipitation Richard Allan Environmental Systems Science Centre, University of Reading, UK

Introduction Clear-sky radiative cooling: –radiative convective balance –atmospheric circulation Earths radiation budget –Understand clear-sky budget to understand cloud radiative effect Datasets: –Reanalyses – observing system –Satellites – calibration and sampling

Datasets used Surface and Top of Atmosphere clear-sky LW flux Column integrated water vapour (CWV) Reanalyses: –ERA-40 ( ); NCEP-1 ( ) Satellite data –ERBS, ScaRaB, CERES (clear-sky OLR) –SMMR, SSM/I V5 (CIWV) Combination datasets: –SRB Rel. 2( )…reanalysis? –SSM/I, da Silva, ERA40, Prata (1996) surface net LWc IPCC AR4 models

Links to precipitation HadGEM - AMIP

Tropical Oceans Ts CWV LWc SFC ERA40 NCEP SRB SMMR, SSM/I SSM/I, Prata HadISST

Spurious variability in ERA40 Improved performance in water vapour and clear-sky radiation using 24 hour forecasts

Surface LWc and water vapour dLWc/dCWV ~ 1.5 Wkg -1 ERA40 NCEP dCWV/dTs ~ 3 kgm -2 K -1

Clear-sky OLR with surface temperature: + ERBS, ScaRaB, CERES; SRB Calibration or sampling?

Clear-sky vs resolution

Sensitivity study Based on GERB- SEVIRI and model simulations of OLR and cloud products over ocean: dOLRc/dRes ~0.2 Wm -2 km -0.5 Suggest CERES should be biased low by ~0.5 Wm -2 relative to ERBS

Tropical Oceans Surface Net LWc Clear-sky OLR Clear-sky Atmos LW cooling Q LWc ERA40 NCEP SRB HadISST ERBS, ScaRaB, CERES Derived

Linear least squares fit Tropical ocean: descending regime DatasetdQ LWc /dTs Slope ERA-403.7±0.5Wm -2 K -1 NCEP4.2±0.3Wm -2 K -1 SRB3.6±0.5Wm -2 K -1 OBS4.6±0.5Wm -2 K -1 ERA40 NCEP

Implications for tropical precipitation (GPCP)? ERA40 Q LWc GPCP P OBS Q LWc

IPCC AR4 models: tropical oceans SST CWV Net LWc OLRc

IPCC AR4 models: tropical oceans Q LWc Precip

Conclusions Intercomparisons of datasets: clear-sky LW at SFC, TOA, ATM Reanalyses: observing system changes Satellites: calibration, sampling Increase in clear-sky LW cooling of atmosphere of ~3-5 Wm -2 K -1 All-sky changes? Models?