GSE Materials and Methods Week 2

Today’s Schedule 1. Material of the Week 2. Review Chpt. 1 – small groups 3. Quiz 4. ELT Methods Discussion 5. Reflection on teaching philosphy

Material of the Week   Good for:  fitness, nutrition, and motivational articles  motivational pictures  Videos on fitness, healthy cooking  Recipe maker  As a bonus for you (the teacher):  This website is free to join and will help motivate you to lose weight and stay in shape!  Lots of ways to chat in English with native speakers!  Good for learning about intrinsic and extrinsic motivation.   Good for:  fitness, nutrition, and motivational articles  motivational pictures  Videos on fitness, healthy cooking  Recipe maker  As a bonus for you (the teacher):  This website is free to join and will help motivate you to lose weight and stay in shape!  Lots of ways to chat in English with native speakers!  Good for learning about intrinsic and extrinsic motivation.

Review Chapter 1  Review in your group  Grammar Translation (techniques and problems with it)  Reform movement (why did it happen?)  Direct Method (techniques and problems with it)  Methods in the “Methods Era” (do any of these ring any bells?)  The study of past and present methods  Review in your group  Grammar Translation (techniques and problems with it)  Reform movement (why did it happen?)  Direct Method (techniques and problems with it)  Methods in the “Methods Era” (do any of these ring any bells?)  The study of past and present methods

Chapter 1 Quiz  What was the first method of teaching a foreign language? Are there any educational theories that recommend using this method?  Why did language teachers begin to question the effectiveness of the Grammar Translation Method?  Name 1-2 features of the Direct Method. Are there any flaws with this method?  Which of the methods below have you heard of before? If you haven’t heard of any of them, which sounds like a promising way to teach English?  Why is it good for teachers to study past and present methods?  What was the first method of teaching a foreign language? Are there any educational theories that recommend using this method?  Why did language teachers begin to question the effectiveness of the Grammar Translation Method?  Name 1-2 features of the Direct Method. Are there any flaws with this method?  Which of the methods below have you heard of before? If you haven’t heard of any of them, which sounds like a promising way to teach English?  Why is it good for teachers to study past and present methods?

Grammar Translation Method  Practical for teaching about a country’s literature and grammar/vocabulary  Impractical for teaching communication  One of the oldest methods - still used a lot today  Practical for teaching about a country’s literature and grammar/vocabulary  Impractical for teaching communication  One of the oldest methods - still used a lot today

GTM Techniques  Translation of a Literary Passage  Reading Comprehension Questions  Antonyms/Synonyms  Cognates (between languages)  Deductive application of rules  Fill-in-the-blank exercise  Memorization  Use words in sentences  Composition  Translation of a Literary Passage  Reading Comprehension Questions  Antonyms/Synonyms  Cognates (between languages)  Deductive application of rules  Fill-in-the-blank exercise  Memorization  Use words in sentences  Composition

GTM Example – Kawabata Yasunari’s Mr. Thank You 今年は柿の豊作で山の秋が美しい。 Kotoshi wa kaki no housaku de yama no aki ga utsukushii. 半島の南の端の港である。 Hantou no minami no hashi no minato de aru. 駄菓子を並べた待合所の二階から、紫の襟の黄色い服を着た運 転手が下りて来る。 Dagashi wo narabeta matsuaishou no nikai kara, murasaki no eri no kiroii fuku wo kita untenshu ga oritekuru. 今年は柿の豊作で山の秋が美しい。 Kotoshi wa kaki no housaku de yama no aki ga utsukushii. 半島の南の端の港である。 Hantou no minami no hashi no minato de aru. 駄菓子を並べた待合所の二階から、紫の襟の黄色い服を着た運 転手が下りて来る。 Dagashi wo narabeta matsuaishou no nikai kara, murasaki no eri no kiroii fuku wo kita untenshu ga oritekuru.

Grammar Translation  Do any of the previously mentioned bring back any memories? (good, bad, or ugly?)  Which techniques do you think are still useful? Which do you think are no longer necessary?  Do any of the previously mentioned bring back any memories? (good, bad, or ugly?)  Which techniques do you think are still useful? Which do you think are no longer necessary?  Translation of a Literary Passage  Reading Comprehension Questions  Antonyms/Synonyms  Cognates (between languages)  Deductive application of rules  Fill-in-the-blank exercise  Memorization  Use words in sentences  Composition  Translation of a Literary Passage  Reading Comprehension Questions  Antonyms/Synonyms  Cognates (between languages)  Deductive application of rules  Fill-in-the-blank exercise  Memorization  Use words in sentences  Composition

The Direct Method  Created because GTM isn’t good for teaching communication  No translation of TL allowed  Demonstration, visual aids used  Students make a direct association between the TL and meaning  Grammar is taught inductively (explicit rules rarely given)  Created because GTM isn’t good for teaching communication  No translation of TL allowed  Demonstration, visual aids used  Students make a direct association between the TL and meaning  Grammar is taught inductively (explicit rules rarely given)

Direct Method Techniques  Reading Aloud  Question and Answer  Self-correct mistakes  Conversation practice  Fill-in-the-blanks exercise  Dictation  Map Drawing  Paragraph Writing  Reading Aloud  Question and Answer  Self-correct mistakes  Conversation practice  Fill-in-the-blanks exercise  Dictation  Map Drawing  Paragraph Writing

Discussion Questions  How do you feel about the fact that the students’ native language is not used at all in the Direct Method?  Is dictation Which techniques do you think are still useful? Which do you think are no longer necessary?  Is dictation a worthwhile activity?  How do you feel about the fact that the students’ native language is not used at all in the Direct Method?  Is dictation Which techniques do you think are still useful? Which do you think are no longer necessary?  Is dictation a worthwhile activity?  Reading Aloud  Question and Answer  Self-correct mistakes  Conversation practice  Fill-in-the-blanks exercise  Dictation  Map Drawing  Paragraph Writing  Reading Aloud  Question and Answer  Self-correct mistakes  Conversation practice  Fill-in-the-blanks exercise  Dictation  Map Drawing  Paragraph Writing

About Methods  What do you think the difference is between approaches, methods, and techniques?

Approaches, Methods, Techniques  Hierarchical setup  Approach – how to teach a given subject  Method – plan for the orderly presentation of a language  Technique – a strategy to accomplish an objective in class  Hierarchical setup  Approach – how to teach a given subject  Method – plan for the orderly presentation of a language  Technique – a strategy to accomplish an objective in class

Theory of Language and Language Proficiency Structural View language is a system of structurally related elements (Audio Lingual, TPR, Silent Way) Functional View language is for expressing functional meaning (ESP) Interactiona l View Language is for allowing social transactions and interactivity (TBLT, Cooperative Learning, etc.)

Personal Reflection  What are your personal goals for your future students?  In your opinion, how do learners learn English best? How should teachers to teach?  What kinds of learning and teaching activities do you prefer?  What should the role of teacher and student be in the classroom?  What is the purpose of materials in class?  What are your personal goals for your future students?  In your opinion, how do learners learn English best? How should teachers to teach?  What kinds of learning and teaching activities do you prefer?  What should the role of teacher and student be in the classroom?  What is the purpose of materials in class?