IEC Communication Networks and Systems In Substations: An Overview for Users SIPSEP 2004 Monterrey, Nuevo León, México Miércoles 10 de Noviembre, 2004 Drew BaigentMark AdamiakRalph Mackiewicz GE Multilin SISCO, Inc. Markham, OntarioKing of Prussia, PASterling Heights, MI

Agenda IEC61850 Overview Benefits Standards Structure Objects Services UCA2-IEC61850 Migration Comparison of terminology Object Model Differences Impact on client applications

Why IEC61850? High-level services enable self-describing devices & automatic object discovery saving $$$$$ in configuration, setup and maintenance. Standardized naming conventions with power system context eliminates device dependencies and tag mapping saving $$$$ in config., setup, and maint. Standardized configuration file formats enables exchange of device configuration saving $$$$ in design, specification, config., setup, and maint.

Why IEC61850? Higher performance multi-cast messaging for inter-relay communications enables functions not possible with hard wires and save $$$$ in wiring and maintenance. Multi-cast messaging enables sharing of transducer (CT/PT) signals saving $$$$ by reducing transducers and calibration costs.

Justification Requires looking at costs beyond just the purchase price: You won’t justify IEC61850 by examining only the price of devices - OR - The benefit of IEC61850 is not in the price of the device. It comes from using the device.

UCA 2.0 Standard Mapping to MMS Services ReadWriteInitiateInfoRept.Get…Set...Events Common Application Service Model - CASM Associate ReportingDescriptionSBOData SetJournals Generic Object Models for Substation and Feeder Equipment - GOMSFE Device Model Data Objects Data Types Naming Conventions UCA 2 Profiles ISO Conn 7Trim 7 3-Layer Red. TCP / IP ISO Conless. 7

IEC61850 and UCA2 IEC Comprehensive EPRI-Project UCA 2.0 IEC , -103, -104 European experience GOAL: One International Standard

IEC61850 Substation Architecture

IEC61850 Standard Basic principles Part 1 Glossary Part 2 General Requirements Part 3 System and project management Part 4 Communication requirements Part 5 Substation Automation System Configuration Part 6 Basic Communication Structure Part 7 Part 9 Sampled Measured Values Part 8 Conformance testing Part 10 Mapping to Ethernet Mapping to MMS and Ethernet

IEC61850 – Primary Parts Part 6-1: Substation Configuration Language (SCL) Part 7-2: Abstract Communications Service Interface (ACSI) and base types Part 7-3: Common Data Classes (CDC) Part 7-4: Logical Nodes Part 8-1: Specific Communications Service Mappings (SCSM) - MMS & Ethernet Part 9-2: SCSM - Sampled Values over Ethernet Part 10-1: Conformance Testing

IEC61850 Class Model ObjectName ObjectReference Name SERVER LOGICAL-DEVICE LOGICAL-NODE DATA DataAttribute 1 1..* Physical Device: access by network address Enables data from multiple devices to be aggregated into a single physical device (data concentrator)

Logical Nodes A named grouping of data and associated services that is logically related to some power system function. dddXCBR1 Optional Application Specific Prefix Logical Node Name per IEC (breaker) Logical Node Instance #

IEC61850 Logical Nodes Name Description AxxxAutomatic Control (4). ATCC (tap changer), AVCO (volt. ctrl.), etc. CxxxSupervisory Control (5). CILO (Interlocking), CSWI (switch ctrl), etc. GxxxGeneric Functions (3). GGIO (generic I/O), etc. IxxxInterfacing/Archiving (4). IARC (archive), IHMI (HMI), etc. LxxxSystem Logical Nodes (2). LLN0 (common), LPHD (Physical Device) MxxxMetering & Measurement (8). MMXU (meas.), MMTR (meter.), etc. PxxxProtection (28). PDIF, PIOC, PDIS, PTOV, PTOH, PTOC, etc. RxxxProtection Related (10). RREC (auto reclosing), RDRE (disturbance).. SxxxSensors, Monitoring (4). SARC (archs), SPDC (partial discharge), etc. TxxxInstrument Transformer (2). TCTR (current), TVTR (voltage) XxxxSwitchgear (2). XCBR (breaker), XCSW (switch) YxxxPower Transformer (4). YPTR (transformer), YPSH (shunt), etc. ZxxxOther Equipment (15). ZCAP (cap ctrl), ZMOT (motor), etc. WxxxWind (Set aside for other standards) OxxxSolar (Set aside for other standards) HxxxHydropower (Set aside for other standards) NxxxPower Plant (Set aside for other standards) BxxxBattery (Set aside for other standards) FxxxFuel Cells (Set aside for other standards)

Logical Node Description - XCBR Data Name Common Data Class Mandatory/Optional Description SPS

Single Point Status (SPS) CDC (e.g. loc) Attribute Name Type Functional Constraint Range of Values Mandatory/ Optional stVal

Object Name Structure Relay1/XCBR1$ST$Loc$stVal Logical Device Logical Node Functional Constraint Data Attribute

ACSI Abstract Communications Service Interface Defines a set of Objects Defines a set of Services to manipulate and access those objects Defines a base set of data types for describing objects

ACSI Objects ACSI Object ClassMMS Object SERVER classVirtual Manufacturing Device (VMD) LOGICAL DEVICE classDomain LOGICAL NODE classNamed Variable DATA classNamed Variable DATA-SET classNamed Variable List SETTING-GROUP-CONTROL-BLOCK classNamed Variable REPORT-CONTROL-BLOCK classNamed Variable LOG classJournal LOG-CONTROL-BLOCK classNamed Variable GOOSE-CONTROL-BLOCK classNamed Variable GSSE-CONTROL-BLOCK classNamed Variable CONTROL classNamed Variable Files

ACSI Services Enable Self Describing Devices

Reporting Unbuffered Reporting is equivalent to UCA2 reports Buffered reporting enables the server to retain data if associations are lost enabling the client to retrieve ALL data.

Report-Log Model

InformationReport GSSE Generic Substation Status Event OSI Connectionless Non-Routable Profile Ethernet Multicast Address byte Destination MAC Address = 1 - Multicast

Ethernet Multicast Address GOOSE Generic Object Oriented Substation Event byte Destination MAC Address = 1 - Multicast

GOOSE/GSSE is Reliable Multicast NON-EXISTENT RETRANSMIT- PENDING SEND Message New State: 1.Sequence Number = 0 2.State Number++ 3. Reset HoldTimer HoldTime expired 1. Hold Time Preset Start Hold Timer 3. Sequence Number ++

GSE Management GetGoReference: Get a list of data set elements. GetGOOSEElementNumber: Get the relative position of a data set element in the message. Get/SetGoCBValues: Read/write the GSE control block. GetGsReference: Get the data labels for GSSE data. GetGSSEDataOffset: Get the relative position of GSSE data in the message. Get/SetGsCBValues: Read/write the GSE control block.

SCL – Substation Configuration Language IEC Description language for communication in electrical substations related to the IEDs XML based language that allows a formal description of Substation automation system and the switchyard and the relation between them IED configuration

SCL File Types SSD: System Specification Description. XML description of the entire system. SCD: Substation Configuration Description. XML description of a single substation. ICD: IED Capability Description. XML description of items supported by an IED. CID: Configured IED Description. XML configuration for a specific IED.

Example of SCL

Sampled Measured Values A method for transmitting sampled measurements from transducers such as CTs, VTs, and digital I/O. Enables sharing of I/O signals among IEDs Supports 2 transmission methods: Multicast service (MSVC) over Ethernet Unicast (point-to-point) service (USVC) over serial links.

SMV Application

SMV Object

IEC61850 Controls 4 Control Models: Direct Control with normal security SBO Control with normal security Direct Control with enhanced security SBO Control with enhanced security Enhanced Security provides validation and supervision of the control action and reporting of status.

IEC61850 Profiles

Relationship to UCA2 CASM GOMSFE IEC (Services and base data types) IEC (Mapping to MMS) IEC (Common Data Classes) IEC (Logical Nodes) Bricks

Terminology UCA2.0 –GOMSFE –CASM –Brick –GOOSE IEC61850 –CDC –ACSI –Logical Node –Generic Substation Status Event (GSSE)

UCA2  IEC61850 Migration UCA2.0 is mostly a subset of IEC Some additional services and objects. Some object changes. IEC61850 uses SNTP for networked time synch. An IEC61850 client can be compatible with both UCA2 and IEC61850.

UCA2 vs Object Models Data Object Model Data Set Model Association Model Server Model Unbuffered Reporting Model Security Model Time Model Direct and SBO Control GSSE (called GOOSE in UCA2) Data Object Model Data Set Model Association Server Unbuffered and Buffered Reporting No explicit Security Time Direct, SBO, enhanced Control GOOSE, GSSE, and GSE Management

Un-buffered Report Control Block UCA61850 Variable Length vs. Fixed Length Variable Length allows for expansion, yet is backward compatible.

Client Report Subscriptions UCA2 Clients see only those report control blocks available to them. IEC61850 Clients may see: Only those report control blocks available to them; or All available RCBs and use the resv bit to reserve a specific RCB for their use. Determined by the server

61850 Buffered Reporting Un-buffered Buffered EntryID is used by Client to resynch to an offset in a buffer containing changes.

Object Name Changes Some Logical Nodes, like MMXU, contain additional Data Attributes. The structure of some objects has changed.

UCA v.s. IEC61850 MMXU

UCA2  IEC61850 Migration Impact on Clients Clients may see a different object structure and may need to select IEC61850 objects. Client report subscriptions may be impacted depending on IED supplier. Clients not using new services or object are not affected by these changes. Several IED vendors plan to support both.

Questions - Discussion

Thank You Ralph Mackiewicz SISCO, Inc ½ Mile Road Sterling Heights, MI USA Tel: x103 Fax: