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Mental Floss – Wednesday August 26 th 2015 Today’s Objective: Identify Enlightenment theories that have impacted significant American Documents. Today’s Vocab: Hobbes, Locke, Natural Rights, Social Contract, Rousseau, Popular sovereignty, self government,, Montesquieu, Separation of Powers, Checks and Balances 1.How were the Magna Carta and English Bill of Rights similar and dissimilar? 2.Explain the concept of Common Law. 3.What were two main reasons people colonized America?

Mental Floss Answers Both limited the power of the Monarch Magna Carta - guarantees due process and trial by jury English Bill of Rights - Free Election, Fair Trial, Eliminates cruel and unusual punishments Common Law – type of law where we look back at previous court decisions to make new decisions in current cases. Use precedents Religious Freedom and Economic Opportunities

America the Story of Us Recap Let’s pick up where we left off ?v=vk-H-xhtRGU ?v=vk-H-xhtRGU Let’s recap what we learned in the movie

Quick Quiz – Try and answer as many questions on the Enlightenment Quick Quiz as you can. DON’T FREAK!!! It’s not a real quiz – We will go over these in 3 minutes

1. Someone who advocates for the Social Contract Theory would believe that people agree to give up part of their freedom to the government in exchange for protection.

2. Separation of Powers refers to the idea that people have the right to determine how they are governed.

3. According to John Locke, all men have natural rights that have been present since birth. These include life, liberty and property.

4. Baron de Montesquieu developed the idea of popular sovereignty. This refers to the dividing of the government into different parts so no one part becomes too strong.

5. The Magna Carta was the first Constitution in the United States and guaranteed Due Process and trial by jury.

6. The English Bill of Rights inspired portions of the American Constitution. The right to a fair trial and the elimination of cruel and unusual punishment can be found in both documents.

7. Thomas Hobbes was the author of Common Sense, which made the case for American Independence from Britain.

Enlightenment Theories and Thinkers 1.2 Identify Enlightenment theories that have impacted significant American Documents.

Thomas Hobbes Said people were evil and needed a strong government

John Locke People had natural rights (unalienable rights) to life, liberty, and property & that no legitimate government could take away Seen in The Declaration of Independence

Jean-Jacques Rousseau Social contract theory- government gets its power from the people – argued that people had a right to determine how they were governed this is called popular sovereignty or self-government (voting) – Citizens agree to give up part of their freedom to the gov’t in exchange for protection – If the government can no longer protect the people’s rights, gov’t can be replaced – Justification for revolution No man can have absolute power over another

Baron de Montesquieu Separation of Powers - Government should be divided into 3 branches Legislative, Executive, Judicial Checks and Balances needed so one branch doesn’t become more powerful

Let’s Look at some Primary Documents! You will read the enlightenment quotes in your GO and then determine what Enlightenment principles can be found in that document. You will then go on a gallery walk to determine what the document is and who wrote it You may work with a partner for this activity BE PREPARED TO SHARE ANSWERS!!!

Enlightenment Talking Heads Create speech bubbles for each enlightenment philosopher. In your own words explain their beliefs or what type of government they would want to see Feel free to get creative and humorous folk s! HobbesMontesquieuRousseauLocke

Words to Know In the remaining time let’s review Take a white board and a marker When you hear and read the question write your answer on the board and put it up in the air

Words to Know When judges decide a case, they looked for a - this means a ruling in a similar earlier case

Words to Know Precedent

Words to Know Which Enlightenment theorist developed the concept of Separation of Powers?

Words to Know Montesquieu

Words to Know This theory holds that governments are created as an agreement among the people and their government

Words to Know Social Contract Theory

Words to Know Jean-Jacques Rousseau developed which enlightenment theory?

Words to Know Popular Sovereignty

Words to Know This refers to following established legal procedures to ensure people’s rights are maintained

Words to Know Due Process

Words to Know This limited the power of the British Monarch

Words to Know Magna Carta

Words to Know This term means lawmaking body. In America this is our Congress in England it’s Parliament

Words to Know Legislature

Words to Know This British Document inspired the idea of Free Elections, Fair Trials and the elimination of cruel and unusual punishment

Words to Know English Bill of Rights

Words to Know According to John Locke you are born with Life, liberty and property. These are all examples of.

Words to Know Natural Rights

Words to Know This Enlightenment Philosopher believed men are naturally evil and require a strong government to rule them.

Words to Know Hobbes

Words to Know This is an economic theory that states a country must export more than it imports. This will lead to more wealth.

Words to Know This British Action forced colonists to feed British soldiers and allow them to stay in their homes.

Words to Know Quartering Act

Words to Know This event caused a tremendous amount of wartime debt.

Words to Know French & Indian War

Words to Know After the Boston Tea Party the British enacted to punish the city of Boston. It took away several rights like trial by jury.

Today’s Exit Slip Write down a question to ask your neighbor. Make sure that you sign it: Question by: Switch index cards with your partner. Answer the question. Make sure that you sign it: Answer by: Switch back and Determine how well they know their stuff. Place their card in the appropriate 4/3/2/1 folder on your way out.