John Locke Second Treatise Of Civil Government
Locke Built upon Hobbes ideas in Leviathan. Built upon Hobbes ideas in Leviathan. Social Contract Social Contract Supported Monarchy Supported Monarchy Product of Enlightenment Product of Enlightenment 1649 Charles I 1649 Charles I 1689 Glorious Revolution Glorious Revolution. Based on Natural Law Based on Natural Law Plainly knowable to man/rational mind. Plainly knowable to man/rational mind.
Natural Law State of Liberty is not a state of license-Why? State of Liberty is not a state of license-Why? NL sponsors self preservation of self and the human species. NL sponsors self preservation of self and the human species. Why Quit the State of Nature?- One is full of fears and continual danger- Like Hobbes- but need is there to protect property- Why Quit the State of Nature?- One is full of fears and continual danger- Like Hobbes- but need is there to protect property-
Flaw of Natural Law Bias of self intent Bias of self intent Need for an indifferent judge Need for an indifferent judge Some will resist punishment- COPS Some will resist punishment- COPS Drives us to form the human society- The State Drives us to form the human society- The State
The State What is given up in the State? What is given up in the State? 1. Unlimited Freedoms 1. Unlimited Freedoms 2. Power to punish- Anarchy if we could have that power. 2. Power to punish- Anarchy if we could have that power. BUT….. Life is better not worse for the trade off. Think about it!
Legislative Power Essential Element of government of society Essential Element of government of society 1. One set for all- no favoritism 1. One set for all- no favoritism 2. Goal is for good of the people. 2. Goal is for good of the people. 3. No Taxes without representation- Sound familiar? 3. No Taxes without representation- Sound familiar? 4. Cannot donate legislative power(to Monarchy). 4. Cannot donate legislative power(to Monarchy).
Popular Sovereignty Legitimacy and authority (legislative) come from consent of the people. Legitimacy and authority (legislative) come from consent of the people. Government can forfeit its legitimacy and authority by poor performance or time limits- reverts to community(not individual) to be reformed Government can forfeit its legitimacy and authority by poor performance or time limits- reverts to community(not individual) to be reformed Examples? Examples?
Virtue What would Locke say about virtue? What would Locke say about virtue? Did Enlightenment get it right? Rights versus responsibilities? Did Enlightenment get it right? Rights versus responsibilities?
Critical Review Closing question: Americans are theoretically committed to the ideals set forth in The Second Treatise of Civil Government; Do we practice these ideals in society? In Government? How? If not, why not? Closing question: Americans are theoretically committed to the ideals set forth in The Second Treatise of Civil Government; Do we practice these ideals in society? In Government? How? If not, why not?
“ Lending Madison a helping hand” I am only one, but I am one. I cannot do everything, but I can do something. And I will not let what I cannot do interfere with what I can do. Edward Everett Hale I am only one, but I am one. I cannot do everything, but I can do something. And I will not let what I cannot do interfere with what I can do. Edward Everett Hale Edward Everett Hale Edward Everett Hale