Warm UP What is Locard’s exchange principle? _________________________

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Presentation transcript:

Warm UP What is Locard’s exchange principle? _________________________ QUIZ: Monday

Crime Labs & Functions of Scientists

4 major Federal Crime Labs FBI DEA Bureau of alcohol, tobacco, firearms and explosives US Postal inspection service

Services of the Crime Lab Physical science unit- applies techniques of chemical, physical, geology to compare evidence Biology unit – DNA firearms unit- firearms, bullets, shells Document examination- handwriting Photogrophy unit- examine & recover physical evidence Toxicology unit- body fluid & organs to determine presence/ absence of drugs and poisons

Services (cont’d) 7. Latent fingerprint unit- process and examine fingerprints 8. Polygraph unit 9. Voiceprint analysis unit 10. CSI unit- collect & preserve evidence

Details Biology Unit- dna, bloodstains, hairs, fibers, plant material Firearms- guns, discharge residue, weapon firing Documents- source of documents, paper, ink, writing samples Photogrophy- recording evidence, invisible information made visible.

Functions of the Forensic Scientist Analyze physical data Determing admissibility of evidence Frye vs. U.S.- in order to be admitted as evidence at trial, the procedure, technique or principles must be “generally accepted” by a meaningful segment of the relevent scientific community 3. Judging scientific evidence 4. Providing expert testimony “expert”- education & experience offers an opinion based on training & evidece 5. Furnising training in the proper recognition, collection and preservation of physical evidence.

Review! Describe a piece of evidence responsible of the physical Science Unit Describe a piece of evidence responsible of the the Biology unit Describe a piece of evidence responsible of the firearms unit Describe a piece of evidence responsible of the photogrphy unit Why should a forensic chemist be willing to testify in court

Case Analysis Describe the primary issue of law whose resolution by the court was critical to the state’s ase against Dr. J How did the court ultimately rule on this issue? Describe the main arguments supporting the courts decision Describe the primary scientific issue raised during the trial. What were the defense’s main challenges to the scientific evidence presented by the prosecution? What do you feel wre the main issues of this trial? What would you have done differently or the same?