Do Now: After reading the article “Civil War: 10 Things You Should Know” rank the items in a chart What I already knewWhat I didn’t know Now choose one of the “What I didn’t know” items and summarize it.

Early Years of the War chart - notes

Section 2-1a Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Additional lecture notes appear on the following slides. We will learn… what successes and failures the North and the South had in the early years of the Civil War.  Early Years of the War how the North’s naval blockade hurt the South  how the battle of Antietam turned the tide of the war.

Section 2-4 Click the Speaker button to replay the audio. Civil War cannon

Location: Manassas, Virginia - near a river called Bull Run Dates: July 21, 1861 Bull Run

Section 2-11a

Events: 30,000 inexperienced Union troops commanded by Gen. Irvin McDowel attacked confederate troops led by P.G.T. Beauregard.  Yankees drove Confederates back at first.  Rebels rallied under Gen. Thomas Jackson – became known as “Stonewall Jackson”. Bull Run

Section 2-4 Bull Run Terrified Union troops retreated. Confederates were victorious but did not pursue. Outcome: Confederates unleashed a counter attack and surged forward with a “rebel yell”.  Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Section 2-5 Bull Run President Abraham Lincoln requested 1 million soldiers who would serve for 3 years.  Lincoln appointed a new general, George B. McClellan, to head the Union army of the East– called the Army of the Potomac–and organize the troops. Effects: Northerners began to understand that the war could be a long, difficult, and costly struggle.  Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Battle of Bull Run

Location: Norfolk, Virginia Chesapeake Bay Date: March 9, 1862 Monitor vs. Merrimack

Section 2-11a

Events: Confederates had salvages a Union warship (Merrimack), rebuilt it, outfitted it in iron and renamed it the Virginia  North had an iron clad ship, Monitor  On March 9, the two ironclads exchanged fire, but neither ship could sink the other. Monitor vs. Merrimack

Outcome: The Union succeeded in keeping the Merrimack in the harbor, so it never again threatened Northern ships. Effects: South is not able to break Northern blockade Monitor vs. Merrimack

Lincoln’s Plan

War at Sea

C Location: Shiloh, Tennessee (near important railroad junction along Tennessee River) Date: April 6-7, 1862 Shiloh

Maps and Charts 2

Events: Confederate forces led by Albert Sidney Johnston and P.G.T. Beauregard launched a surprise attack on the Union troops.  On the first day of battle, the Confederates drove Grant and his troops back to the Tennessee River.  On the second day, the Union forces recovered and defeated the Confederates, who withdrew to Corinth. Grant becomes known as “Unconditional Surrender” Grant Shiloh

Shilo April 6 – first day of battle at Shiloh. The Confederates pushed the Union center to the “sunken road”. This became known as the “hornets nest” as the Confederates unleashed a volley of fire so fierce that the bullets were like hornets whizzing by their ears.

C Outcome: Together the two armies suffered 20,000 casualties–people killed or wounded– including Confederate general Johnston who died in the bloodbath.  Effect: Union forces gained control of Corinth on May 30, and, on June 6, Memphis, Tennessee, fell to Union armies. Shiloh

The War in the West

Battle of Shiloh

DO NOW: Describe the success and failures of the North in the early years of the war: Northern Successes Northern Failures

Northern Successes Shiloh New Orleans Antietam (Monitor vs. Merrimack) Northern Failures Fort Sumter Bull Run 7 Days Battle 2 nd Battle of Bull Run

C Location: New Orleans, Louisiana Date: April 25,1862 New Orleans

C Events: Union naval forces under David Farragut captured New Orleans, Louisiana, the largest city in the South.  New Orleans

C Outcome: Union capture of New Orleans, near the mouth of the Mississippi River, meant that the Confederacy could no longer use the river to carry its crops to sea.  Effects: Farragut’s capture of New Orleans gave Union forces control of almost all the Mississippi River. New Orleans

C Location: Richmond, Virginia – near James River Date: June 1862 Seven Days Battle

C Events: McClellan moved his huge army by ship to a peninsula between the York and the James Rivers southeast of the city.  From there he began a major offensive known as the Peninsula Campaign.  McClellan’s delays allowed the Confederates to prepare Richmond’s defense.  At the end of June, the Union forces finally met the Confederates in a series of encounters known as the Seven Days battles Confederate commander James E.B. (J.E.B.) Stuart, led his 1,200 troops in a circle around the Union army, gathering vital information about Union positions and boosting Southern morale Seven Days Battle

C Outcome: General Lee boldly countered Union advances and eventually drove the Yankees back to the James River.  Seven Days Battle Effects: The North failed to capture Confederate capital of Richmond & South’s morale was boosted

War in the East

Seven Days Battle

C Location: Sharpsburg, Maryland Date: September 17, 1862 Antietam

C Events: Confederate president Jefferson Davis ordered Lee to launch an offensive into Maryland northwest of Washington.  As Lee’s army marched into Maryland in September 1862, McClellan and 80,000 Union troops moved slowly after them. Lee gathered most of his forces together near Sharpsburg, Maryland, along the Antietam Creek.  The Union and the Confederate armies clashed on September 17 in the Battle of Antietam–the single bloodiest day of the entire war. Antietam

C Outcome: Confederate forces held the Union out of Sharpsburg, but Lee decided not to stay and occupy the town after having received no aid from the slave holding area.  Resulted in 23,000 casualties.  Effects: Lee withdrew to Virginia, allowing the Union troops to claim victory.  McClellan did not pursue the Confederate troops, Lincoln replaced him with Gen. Ambrose Burnsides  Gives Lincoln the victory he wanted to issue the Emancipation Proclamation Antietam Bloody Lane Hagerstown Road

Review Create a flow chart to show the main sequence of events in the Battle of Antietam McClellan is replaced by Gen. Burnsides

With your partner: Take a look at p in your book Read over the descriptions and look at the map of Antietam Answer the two “Learning from Geography” questions

With your partner: Write a letter home from the perspective of a soldier who just fought in the Battle of Shiloh

DO NOW: READ the story on p. 465 and answer the two “Analyzing Literature” questions. Also answer: What was the setting? Who was the main character? What was the plot?

Section 2-26 The Battle of Antietam (cont.) Lincoln placed General Ambrose Burnside in command of the Army of the Potomac.  The Army of the Potomac finally gained some confidence, having forced Lee and his soldiers back south.  President Lincoln used the Battle of Antietam to take action against slavery. The president, disgusted with McClellan’s failure to follow up his victory, removed McClellan from his command.  Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

Maps and Charts 2

With your partner: Write a newspaper headline to describe the events of the Monitor vs. Merrimack battle Draw a picture to illustrate the battle With your partner:

Study Guide On Study Guide, you should be able to answer: Bull Run Hampton Roads (Monitor vs. Merrimack) Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson Questions #1, 2, 3, 4, 6