The Dawning of the Age of Exploration World History Mr. Heaps

1. Name 3 Reasons why Europeans began to explore the world in the 15th century. Searching for _______. Searching for _______ to conquer. Looking to spread _____________ all over the world. wealth lands Christianity

2. Name two ways in which the printing press greatly encouraged the Era of Exploration. New ______ were printed about subjects such as Astronomy, mathematics, navigation, & geography. Printed ______ and _________ charts became widely available. books maps navigation

Leif Eriksson and the Norsemen, or ________. 3. Who were the first European explorers to explore the East coast of North America. Leif Eriksson and the Norsemen, or ________. Vikings

4. What goods from the Indies became valuable to Europeans during the Renaissance? Silk ________ Cotton Tea spices gold sugar

5. Why were Europeans seeking a sea route to the Indies? Europeans had long been attracted to Asia. ______ ______, wrote in his book The Travels, about his travels to the Chinese court of the great Kublai Khan. Europeans wanted to make obsolete the great ____________ which took almost a year to travel & was controlled by Ottoman Turks. Marco Polo Silk Road

How did Prince Henry the Navigator influence the Age of Exploration? He developed a school of ___________ on the Coast of Portugal overlooking the Atlantic Ocean. He assembled a group of brilliant mathematicians, astronomers, mapmakers, and ______________. They developed the science of ____________ navigation. navigation shipbuilders celestial

What invention by the Portuguese encouraged exploration more than any other? The invention of a new type of ship called a _________. It had more storage space, smooth hulls for speed, a movable ________ for steering, and triangular or ________ sails caravel rudder lateen

Traders from which country brought the first African Slaves to Europe? It was ___________ traders who first explored the coasts of Africa trying to find a sea route to the east. They first learned of the institution of slavery as they made claims to parts of the _________ coast of Africa. Africans tribes had already been capturing & ___________ other Africans for many years. Portuguese Western enslaving

Identify the major accomplishments of the following Portuguese explorers: Bartholomeu Dias – was the first European to reach the Southern tip of Africa, called the Cape of ____________. Vasco da Gama- first to round the tip of Africa and sail across the Indian Ocean and land on the coast of _________. Good Hope India

What was the Northwest Passage? A shorter, westward route linking the North __________ to the Pacific. They believed this route would be shorter and take less time. Europeans spent hundreds of years before they found it. Atlantic

Line of Demarcation (1493) Portuguese By the 1490’s, voyages of the ___________ & _________ had opened up new lands to exploration. Fearing that the other might claim some of its newly discovered territories, Spain & Portugal resolved their concerns by agreeing on a line of _______________. This was an imaginary line established by Pope Alexander VI, that divided their spheres of influence. This line extended from North to South through the __________ Ocean & easternmost part of ________ America. Spanish demarcation Atlantic South

Treaty of Tordesillas (1494) Portugal King John II of __________ did not agree with the Pope’s placement of the line, as he thought it favored ________. He demanded that __________ & ________ of Spain meet with him to change the pope’s decision. In 1494, they agreed to the Treaty of _____________, which moved the line 800 miles farther west. Spain Ferdinand Isabella Tordesillas

Treaty of Tordesillas & the Line of Demarcation According to the Treaty of Tordesillas: Unexplored territories east of the line would be controlled by _________. Unexplored territories west of the line would be controlled by _________. Spanish Portugal Portuguese Spain

The Spanish Empire Spanish conquerors of the Americas were called _______________. Their _______ & determination brought them incredible success in the Americas. ________________ took only 3 years to overthrow the mighty ________ empire in Central Mexico. In South America, _________________ took control of the ________ Empire in the Peruvian Andes. conquistadors guns Hernan Cortes Aztec Francisco Pizarro Inca

Conquistador: Hernan Cortes Aztec Conquistador of the ________ Empire

Conquistador: Francisco Pizarro Inca Conquistador of the ________ Empire

Reasons for Spanish Dominance Over Native Americans Spanish conquistadors had several advantages over the Native Americans including: _________ suits _________ Guns & _________ __________ Resistance to European __________ armored horses cannons crossbows disease

The Spanish Encomienda System colonial A system of __________ administration in the Americas. Queen Isabella declared Native Americans to be her _________. She granted the Spanish rulers in America ___________, or the right to use Native Americans as laborers. The Spanish were supposed to ________ and _________ the Native Americans, but they were far from Spain and largely ignored their rulers. subjects Encomienda protect nurture

Encomienda The right of Spanish settlers in the Americas to use _________________ as laborers. Became a corrupt system in which ________ labor & starvation along with _________ killed many Natives. Native Americans forced disease

Spanish Impact on the Americas Catholic missionaries _________ and _________ hundreds of thousands of native peoples. Catholic missionaries built parishes, ________, and hospitals; all the trappings of a __________ society. Native American social & political structures were torn apart and replaced by European systems of religion, __________, culture, & ______________. converted baptized schools European language government

The Columbian Exchange plants The extensive exchange of _________ and __________ between the Old and New Worlds was called the ___________ exchange because it began with Columbus’ expeditions of the Americas. ________, cotton, vanilla, __________ & other products were introduced from Europe to the Americas. Agricultural products native to the Americas were shipped & introduced into Europe, such as __________, cocoa, _______ (maize), & ___________. animals Columbian Sugar livestock potatoes corn tobacco

The Columbian Exchange