The Age of Exploration Chapter 3

Lesson 2: A Changing World Vocabulary Isthmus Treaty People John Cabot Amerigo Vespucci Vasco Nunez de Balboa Ferdinand Magellan Places England Newfoundland and Labrador Philippine Islands

England Explorers Columbus traveled to the “Indies” three times King Henry VII of England paid an Italian sailor, Giovanni Caboto (John Cabot), to make the same expedition Cabot landed in Newfoundland and Labrador (Canada) and claimed the land for England Like Columbus, he thought he landed in the Indies

A New Map of the World Amerigo Vespucci was the first to question if the “Indies” were indeed in Asia Examined Marco Polo’s writings and compared them to what he saw: DIFFERENT! Realized that the lands he, Columbus and Cabot had found were not yet known to Europeans German mapmaker, Martin Waldseemuller, published the first world map that included South America (named to honor Amerigo) http://www.biography.com/people/amerigo- vespucci-9517978

Reaching the Pacific Vasco Nunez de Balboa One of the first Europeans to settle in America Poor farmer, had to run away from his debts Left Hispaniola and went to Colombia He and some Spanish settlers took land from Native Americans and started a new settlement in modern-day Panama 1513: He and other explorers traveled west across the Isthmus of Panama and reached the Pacific Ocean http://www.biography.com/people/vasco- n%C3%BA%C3%B1ez-de-balboa-9196350

A New View of the World Ferdinand Magellan Portuguese explorer 1519: 5 ships and 250 sailors Passed through a waterway at the tip of South America and found themselves in the Pacific Ocean Named it Pacific because waters were “peaceful” compared to the Atlantic http://www.biography.com/people/ferdinand- magellan-9395202

A New View of the World (cont.) Thought crossing the Pacific would take a few days: WRONG! Took THREE MONTHS Many sailors died to hunger and disease Magellan was killed in battle in the Philippine Islands Only one ship made it back to Spain in 1522 FIRST SAILORS TO TRAVEL AROUND THE WORLD!

A New View of the World (cont.) The Treaty of Tordesillas More expeditions = More lands claimed Sometimes more than one country claimed the SAME land Spain and Portugal asked the Catholic Church to solve the problem 1493: Church leaders drew a line on a map through the Atlantic Ocean Portugal promised land to the East Spain promised land to the West 1494: Spain and Portugal signed the T of T Moved the dividing line farther West Gave Portugal the land that would become Brazil https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6pzudWS7kVU