quiz 1. T or F – The Schlieffen Plan was successful 2. Germany was concerned about a two-front war with what two countries? 3. List the members of the original Triple Alliance 4. List the members of the Central Powers 5. Why is the land between the trenches called “No Man’s Land”? 6. Why was Austria-Hungary scared to declare war on Serbia without Germany’s unconditional support? 7. Why did Italy leave the Triple Alliance? 8. What was Russia’s only advantage in WWI?

quiz 1. false 2. France and Russia 3. Germany, A-H and Italy 4. Germany, A-H, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire 5. The sides were fighting for it and it wasn’t claimed yet 6. scared of Russia 7. Germany broke war rules – went through a neutral country 8. Lots of people

Homework – Read and outline 531 (Entry of the United States) – 533 (end of section)

The Russian Revolution 16.3 By 1916, 2 million Russians were killed in battle, and another 4-6 million were missing or captured. Discontent grew hatred directed towards Czar Nicholas II

During War, Nick left his wife, Alexandra, home to rule Alexandra was manipulated by a “holy man”, Rasputin Rasputin promised Alexandra he would heal her hemophiliac son in exchange for political power Nick’s nobles freaked out and murdered Rasputin (shot him 3 times, tied him up and threw him in the river!)

Rasputin Claimed to be a holy man Drowned to death by the czar’s nobles

The March Revolution 1917 women textile workers start a strike. Soldiers supposed to kill the rioters but joined them Riot grew, demanded that Russia GET OUT of WWI… March Revolution forced Czar Nick II to abdicate his throne Duma became Russia’s provisional government Kerensky led the government and continued to support WWI people hated him

Nick II After he abdicates the throne

Kerensky Disliked for his support of WWI

March Revolution continued… Revolutionaries who did not like Kerensky formed SOVIETS Soviets = local councils of workers, peasants and soldiers. More radical. Most radical Soviet group = Bolsheviks Bolsheviks led by V.I. Lenin

The Bolshevik Revolution Lenin and the Bolsheviks stormed the Winter Palace in Petrograd – Overthrew provisional government in a matter of hours Bolsheviks got Russia out of WWI w/ the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. Gave up Ukraine, Finland and Baltic Provinces The Treaty sucked Civil War

Red Army = Bolsheviks, led by Trotsky White Army = Their opponents, supplied by western countries including the US White Army had no common goal

3 years later, the Red Army won Used policy of War Communism Government controlled banks and other industries Seized grain from peasants 15 million more people dead Lenin and the Red Army in charge

Order Restored under Lenin 1921, Communists had total control over Russia Communists did not like the Allies. Why? 1922 Russia was renamed the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR)