CH. 1 - MEASUREMENT Unit Conversions

A. SI Prefix Conversions Symbol Factor mega- M 106 kilo- k 103 BASE UNIT --- 100 deci- d 10-1 move left move right centi- c 10-2 milli- m 10-3 micro-  10-6 nano- n 10-9 pico- p 10-12

A. SI Prefix Conversions 0.2 1) 20 cm = ______________ m 2) 0.032 L = ______________ mL 3) 45 m = ______________ nm 4) 805 dm = ______________ km 32 45,000 0.0805

A. Common Units and Their Equivalents Length 1km = 1000 m 1m =100 cm 1m =1000 mm 1nm= 1.0 x 10-9 m Mass 1 ounce (oz) = 28.35 grams (g) 1 pound (lb) = 453.59 grams (g) 1 kilogram (km) = 2.205 pounds (lb) Volume 1 liter (L) = 1000 cubic centimeters (cm3) 1 mL = 1 cubic centimeters (cm3) 1 U.S. gallon (gal) = 3.785 liters (L) 1 liter (L) = 1.057 quarts (qt) 1 liter (L) = 1000 milliliters (mL)

B. Dimensional Analysis The “Factor-Label” Method Units, or “labels” are canceled, or “factored” out

B. Dimensional Analysis Steps: 1. Identify starting & ending units. 2. Line up conversion factors so units cancel. 3. Multiply all top numbers & divide by each bottom number. 4. Check units & answer.

B. Dimensional Analysis Lining up conversion factors: = 1 1 in = 2.54 cm 2.54 cm 2.54 cm 1 = 1 in = 2.54 cm 1 in 1 in

B. Dimensional Analysis How many milliliters are in 1.00 quart of milk? qt mL 1.00 qt 1 L 1.057 qt 1000 mL 1 L = 946 mL 

B. Dimensional Analysis You have 1.5 pounds of gold. Find its volume in cm3 if the density of gold is 19.3 g/cm3. lb cm3 1.5 lb 1 kg 2.2 lb 1000 g 1 kg 1 cm3 19.3 g = 35 cm3

B. Dimensional Analysis How many liters of water would fill a container that measures 75.0 in3? in3 L 75.0 in3 (2.54 cm)3 (1 in)3 1 L 1000 cm3 = 1.23 L

B. Dimensional Analysis 5) Your European hairdresser wants to cut your hair 8.0 cm shorter. How many inches will he be cutting off? cm in 8.0 cm 1 in 2.54 cm = 3.2 in

B. Dimensional Analysis 6) Taft football needs 550 cm for a 1st down. How many yards is this? cm yd 550 cm 1 in 2.54 cm 1 ft 12 in 1 yd 3 ft = 6.0 yd

B. Dimensional Analysis 7) A piece of wire is 1.3 m long. How many 1.5-cm pieces can be cut from this wire? cm pieces 1.3 m 100 cm 1 m 1 piece 1.5 cm = 86 pieces

C. Thermometers A typical thermometer is a calibrated, or numbered, glass tube containing mercury. The silver mercury in the tube rises, or expands, when warmth of an object increases.

C. Thermometers There are three systems for measuring temperature. Fahrenheit Celsius Kelvin

Fahrenheit. The first scale is measured in degrees Fahrenheit. The range from freezing point to boiling point on this scale is 32 to 212 degrees.

Celsius The other scale is measured in degrees Celsius. . The range from freezing point to boiling point on this scale is 0 to 100 degrees.

Kelvin Scale, K • absolute scale (used for gasses) • no negative numbers • 0 K = absolute zero

Temperature Conversion Table From Fahrenheit (F o to C o) (F - 32) * 5/9 Celsius (C o to F o) (C * 9/5) + 32 Kelvin (C o to Ko) C + 273

C. The Thermometer and its calibration Pg 5 Observed freezing points Observed boiling point Observed atmospheric pressure Observed boiling point with correction

C. The Thermometer and its calibration Thermometer Correction = (760 mmHg – atm pressure) x 0.037 C/mm)

C. The Thermometer and its calibration Create two graphs on a computer 1. Observed temp C vs Theoretical temp C 2. Theoretical temp C vs Theoretical temp F As per question 9 in the post lab questions

Generating a scatter plot 1. Determine and label X and Y axis 2. Highlight numerical data 3. Go to insert tab, click on chart icon 4. Click on scatter graph and Choose 1st scatter graph icon. (this will generate your graph) 5. Confirm your Y axis is being represented on the graph correctly (vertically). If it is go to the next slide and begin on step 7, if not continue with step 6 6. Click on design tab, and click on (switch row/column tab). Your data should now ne aligned correctly

Creating aTrend line 7. Click on a data point in the graph 9. Click on layout tab in chart tools 10. Click on more trend line options Choose linear tend line, and click on display equation on chart, click close Congratulations you just created an equation of the line. Continue on next slide to label graph

Labeling a graph 11. In layout click on chart title icon, choose above chart and begin typing title, hit enter 12. In layout click on axis title icon, choose primary horizontal axis title. Click on Title below axis and begin typing the title, hit enter. Make sure you put correct units in the title 13. In layout click on axis title icon, choose primary vertical axis title. Click on horizontal title and begin typing the title, hit enter. 14. Congrats!! You are finished, save and print.

Generating a graph