All That Jazz Just where did Jazz come from? When did it begin? In this unit, we will explore Jazz from its beginning roots. Jazz began long ago with the.

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Presentation transcript:

All That Jazz Just where did Jazz come from? When did it begin? In this unit, we will explore Jazz from its beginning roots. Jazz began long ago with the Blues. People put their feelings into music and the Blues was born. © Microsoft Office 2003

Bring On the Blues! © Microsoft Office 2003 There were City Blues performers like Bessie Smith and Ma Rainey, who traveled from town to town belting out songs that spoke to regular people like you and me. Then there were the Country Blues performers scuffling down the dusty back roads of this country with nothing but a guitar slung on their backs. Blind Lemmon Jefferson, Huddie “Leadbelly” Ledbetter, and Robert Johnson were the Country Blues boys.

Ragtime © Microsoft Office 2003 Popular between 1890 and 1920, Ragtime made you tap your toes! It was played on the piano, with right hand syncopation and a steady “boom-chuck” rhythm in the left hand. Ragtime was for dancing. Try the two-step, the cakewalk, or just a march. Feel the music in your feet! Scott Joplin was the most important Ragtime composer. He was called the “King of Ragtime.” Don’t forget Joseph “Jelly Roll” Morton. He liked to look flashy so he wore a diamond attached to one of his teeth!

Dixieland © Microsoft Office 2003 Take some horn players and add a rhythm section and let them play all together at the same time. That’s Dixieland! It developed in New Orleans in the 1920s, mostly from black funeral processions. Slow, steady music accompanied the body to the cemetery, but after the funeral, look out! Syncopated, toe-tapping music was heard on the return. Louis Armstrong grew up dancing behind these bands as they marched down the street. He said, “Jazz music and I grew up together.”

Chicago Jazz © Microsoft Office 2003 Oh, No! They’re tearing down Storyville! Now New Orleans Jazz musicians must find other places to perform. Some moved to St. Louis, but many journeyed to Chicago. In Chicago the music changed, spotlighting a single soloist, who took the stage and “showed off.” This was called improvisation, and the star of this period was trumpeter Louis Armstrong. People began going to concert halls to hear Jazz performers. Paul Whiteman and George Gershwin were taking the stage with their own Jazz performances. Get your ticket!

Big Band Swing © Microsoft Office 2003 In the 1930’s a popular style of Jazz developed, just perfect for dancing. This new style, Big Band Swing, featured bands with many instruments; including saxophones, trumpets, trombones, piano, bass, and drums. A new addition was a male or female singer. Outstanding band leaders of this time were Duke Ellington, Count Basie, Glenn Miller, and Benny Goodman, “The King of Swing.” Benny Goodman’s band was the first to include both black and white musicians performing together.

Jazz in the 1940s © Microsoft Office 2003 Jazz helped people escape from the grim events of World War II. Big Band Swing was broadcast on the radio so everyone could tune in to listen. Later musicians like John “Dizzy” Gillespie (from Cheraw, SC), Charlie “Bird” Parker, and Miles Davis developed Bebop. Melodies in this style usually ended with two short notes that sounded like the scat words “be-bop.” It used small groups of instruments and was much too fast for dancing. The audience was forced to sit and listen.

Jazz of the 1950s and 1960s © Microsoft Office 2003 In the 1950s performers continued to play Bebop, but it had a small audience since it was very complex. Cool Jazz developed as a very calm and expressive type. Miles Davis and Stan Getz were very important players. Free Jazz developed in the 1960s. Players could play whatever they wanted. It was very wild! Ornette Coleman was a leader here. Fusion was just the opposite of Free Jazz. It was carefully worked out and sometimes featured electronic instruments. Famous performers include Herbie Hancock, Chick Corea, and Miles Davis.

Where Will Jazz Go From Here? © Microsoft Office 2003 Jazz is a living, breathing, expressive thing. It is restless and creative. No one really knows for sure which direction Jazz will take. Only time will tell what direction it will go in next. One thing for certain; Jazz will definitely be around!

Sources Cited Ammons, Mark. American Popular Music. N.p.: Mark Twain Media, ARTSEDGE: Jazz in Time. Kennedy Center. 1 Feb “History of Jazz.” The 1993 Winter Music Festival Winter Jazz for Young People. Jan Lincoln Center. 1 Jan “Jazzical II.” The 1994 Winter Music Festival Winter © Microsoft Office 2003

Sources Cited, continued © Microsoft Office 2003 Raschka, Chris. Charlie Parker Played Be Bop. New York: Scholastic, Silver Burdett Making Music Teacher’s Edition, Grade 5. N.p.: Pearson Education, Stauffacher, Sue. Bessie Smith and the Night Riders. New York: Penguin Young Readers Group, 2006.