The French and Indian War pgs Who won the French & Indian War?

OBJECTIVES 1. Identify the reasons why fighting broke out 1. Identify the reasons why fighting broke out between France and Britain in between France and Britain in North America North America 2. Describe the early defeat of the British by the French at the beginning of the French and Indian War French at the beginning of the French and Indian War

Explain how the British gained victory, and explain the results of The French & Indian War Explain how the British gained victory, and explain the results of The French & Indian War

Why were Empires Competing? France (F) & Britain (B) France (F) & Britain (B) Ea. Feared other wanted to increase terr. (land) Ea. Feared other wanted to increase terr. (land) Leads to war Leads to war

French build forts from Lake Erie to Ohio R. French build forts from Lake Erie to Ohio R. British land companies plan to settle colonist in ORv British land companies plan to settle colonist in ORv

Virginia sends small group of soldiers (Militia) led by G. Washington to tell French to leave Virginia sends small group of soldiers (Militia) led by G. Washington to tell French to leave

Why were Empires Competing 1st. Reason: 1st. Reason: struggle for control of western lands struggle for control of western lands

To trade w Native Americans for furs

What alliances did the Native Americans form? Fur trade created economic & military alliances between NA & Europeans Fur trade created economic & military alliances between NA & Europeans

Native Americans Alliances Hurons & Algonquins w/French Hurons & Algonquins w/French Hurons & Algonquins Hurons & Algonquins

Native Americans Alliances Iroquois British British

Iroquois expansion threaten French fur trade Iroquois expansion threaten French fur trade French arm Huron & Algonquin to fight Iroquois French arm Huron & Algonquin to fight Iroquois Iroquois armed by British Iroquois armed by British

French & Indian War would decide who would control North America French & Indian War would decide who would control North America

What was the conflict in the Ohio River Valley? British fur traders move into Ohio River valley British fur traders move into Ohio River valley & British trading post French built forts upset Virginia colony which claimed the territory French built forts upset Virginia colony which claimed the territory

Virginia sends small group of soldiers led by G. Washington to tell French to leave Virginia sends small group of soldiers led by G. Washington to tell French to leave

Virginia men to build a fort at head of Ohio River at present day Pittsburgh Virginia men to build a fort at head of Ohio River at present day Pittsburgh French & Indians seize fort French & Indians seize fort name it Fort Duquesne name it Fort Duquesne

Fort Duquesne

Fort Duquesne-today

How does the war begin and spread? George Washington sent to defend Fort Duquesne George Washington sent to defend Fort Duquesne Learns of Forts surrender & builds Fort Necessity Learns of Forts surrender & builds Fort Necessity

Fort Necessity: today Fort Necessity: today

GW launches a surprise attack on French & Indians GW launches a surprise attack on French & Indians Called: Battle of Jomonsville Called: Battle of Jomonsville

French & Indians then attack Fort Necessity French & Indians then attack Fort Necessity

French & Indian War Washington Washington surrenders & is released The The French & Indian War War began

Became part of Seven Years’ War ( ) Became part of Seven Years’ War ( ) a world wide struggle between a world wide struggle between France & Britain France & Britain

Reps from B colonists meet with Iroquois to ask Iroquois to fight with them against the French Reps from B colonists meet with Iroquois to ask Iroquois to fight with them against the French Iroquois would not agree Iroquois would not agree

Ben Franklin suggests the colonies ban Ben Franklin suggests the colonies ban together for defense together for defense (much like the tribes of the Iroquois nation) Albany Plan of Union – 1 st formal proposal to unite the colonies

Each colony sent rep to Grand Council Each colony sent rep to Grand Council councils powers- collect taxes, raise an councils powers- collect taxes, raise an army & start new settlements army & start new settlements Colonial legislatures defeat plan Colonial legislatures defeat plan they did not want to give up control of they did not want to give up control of their colony their colony

Who defeated Braddock? British send Gen. Braddock & 2100 troops to recapture Fort Duquesne British send Gen. Braddock & 2100 troops to recapture Fort Duquesne

George Washington was with him George Washington was with him

Attacked by 900 French & Indians Attacked by 900 French & Indians

Braddock was killed along w/ 1000 troops Braddock was killed along w/ 1000 troops Colonists were stunned Colonists were stunned

How did the British take Quebec? Secretary of State William Pitt sent best British generals to colonies Secretary of State William Pitt sent best British generals to colonies Borrowed $ to pay colonial troops late summer of 1759 British attack New France at its capital Quebec Borrowed $ to pay colonial troops late summer of 1759 British attack New France at its capital Quebec Quebec surrenders to the British Quebec surrenders to the British

Quebec Battle of Quebec was the turning point in the French & Indian War Battle of Quebec was the turning point in the French & Indian War

What was the Treaty of Pairs? Spain made pact to help France but it was to late Spain made pact to help France but it was to late The Seven Year War ended the British had won The Seven Year War ended the British had won Britain claimed all of North America east of the Mississippi River Britain claimed all of North America east of the Mississippi River

Treaty of Pairs France gave New Orleans & Louisiana Territory to Spain France gave New Orleans & Louisiana Territory to Spain Britain exchanged w/ Spain, Cuba & Philippines for Florida Britain exchanged w/ Spain, Cuba & Philippines for Florida Treaty ended French power in North America Treaty ended French power in North America

What was Pontiac’s Rebellion? Pontiac was an Ottawa war chief Pontiac was an Ottawa war chief British refused to provide supplies to Native Americans (NA) British refused to provide supplies to Native Americans (NA) NA attacked settlers & destroyed Forts NA attacked settlers & destroyed Forts British colonists respond by attacking all Indians British colonists respond by attacking all Indians

To end siege by Delaware Indians at Fort Pitt the British gave small-pox infected blankets to the Delaware To end siege by Delaware Indians at Fort Pitt the British gave small-pox infected blankets to the Delaware This started a Deadly outbreak This started a Deadly outbreak By fall NA retreated By fall NA retreated

British issue Proclamation Act of 1763 British issue Proclamation Act of 1763 It forbid settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains It forbid settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains Colonist were angered Colonist were angered British were angry because colonist did not want to help pay the war debt British were angry because colonist did not want to help pay the war debt

This anger help cause the American Revolution This anger help cause the American Revolution

Lasting effects The results of the war effectively ended French influence in North America. The results of the war effectively ended French influence in North America. England gained massive amounts of land and vastly strengthened its hold on the continent. England gained massive amounts of land and vastly strengthened its hold on the continent. The war hurt relationships between the English and Native Americans; The war hurt relationships between the English and Native Americans;

Lasting effects French and Indian War” played a major role in the worsening relationship between England and its colonies that French and Indian War” played a major role in the worsening relationship between England and its colonies that French and Indian War eventually led into the American Revolutionary War. French and Indian War eventually led into the American Revolutionary War.