Marc Kuchner Princeton University Ground-Based Exoplanet Searches Radial Velocity Astrometry Transits Lensing Pulsation Timing Disks Direct Detection

Timing: Pulsars + White Dwarfs  t =  z / c Time Stamp on Each Pulse gives you More Information than Doppler Shift

Pulsar planet interactions 4.3, 3.9 M  Konacki & Wolszczan 2003 Mukadam et al. 2003

Einstein Ring background star Paczynski 1996 Microlensing Mao & Paczynski 1991

Probing Lensing Anomalies NETwork (PLANET) V days

caustic Planet near R E around lensing star. Lensing Stars/yr OGLE-III: 500 MOA: 60

43 events from PLANET. Gaudi et al Projected Separation units of R E mostly M stars halfway to galactic center R E ~ 2.5 AU If 3/4 of lenses had planets above this line, they would have been detected. 1/4 3/4

Direct Detection: Optical  Boo: A < 0.39 at i = 36  R=1.2 R J (Leigh et al. 2003)  And: similar (Cameron et al. 2002) star star + planet

Direct Detection: Nulling (Mid+Near IR)

Achromatic Nuller Conventional Beam Combiner more planet photons, fewer star photons

Keck Interferometer

Inside Quadratic Null: star and planet are spectrally degenerate (  ) planet  and flux are degenerate

VLTI: Ground-based European Nulling Interferometer Experiment (GENIE ) MIDI first fringes

Direct Detection: Differential Phase (near IR)

center of light Burrows 2000

2  m 5  m Serabyn 2002

Large Binocular Telescope (LBT)

Antarctica: Cold, Dry, and No High-Altitude Turbulence Nulling, AO, Differential Phase, Astrometry Antarctic Planet Interferometer (API)

Astrometry perturbation magnified 30x !! 15 M J e=0.2 a=0.6 AU d=50 pc  =50 mas/yr Perryman 2000 Stellar Planet Survey (STEPS) 30 M stars Astrometric Search for Planets Encircling Nearby Stars (ASPENS) 100 stars 2 mas: 10 M J in 4 years 1 M J in 15 years

Direct Detection: Near Infrared

Simulated 15 minute H-band image 5 M J planet/solar-type star 4096 actuators Extreme Adaptive Optics Planet Imager (XAOPI) Bruce Macintosh, James Graham et al. 1.6 arcseconds

Kuchner & Traub 2002

Direct Detection: Radio cyclotron maser [Kraus, RadioAstronomy, 1966]

Radio Bode's Law Hot Jupiters ? Zarka et al. 2001

Farrell, Desch & Zarka 1999 VLA Green Bank Telescope Nancay Decametric Array Arecibo LOFAR : Farrell et al. 2003

ALMA Hot Young Jupiter at 160 pc ~10 mJy at 850  m

Disks

 Eridani 15, 20 and 40  m Moran, Kuchner & Holman 2003

Timing Direct Infrared Astrometry and Lensing Radial Velocity and Transits

log “Q”: 0 -2 Transits  Radial Velocity, Astrometry & Microlensing Nulling Coronagraphy spectral signal from hot Jupiter residual stellar signal Differential Phase Doppler Tomography