Chemistry 100 Significant Figures. Rules for Significant Figures  Zeros used to locate decimal points are NOT significant. e.g., 0.5 kg = 5. X 10 2 g.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

1.2 Measurements in Experiments

Advertisements

Physics Rules for using Significant Figures. Rules for Averaging Trials Determine the average of the trials using a calculator Determine the uncertainty.

Significant Figures. 1.All nonzero digits are significant. Example: 145 (3 sig figs) 2.Zeroes between two significant figures are themselves significant.

Math Problems w/Sig Figs When combining measurements with different degrees of accuracy and precision, the accuracy of the final answer can be no greater.

1 Significant Figures Any digit that is not zero is significant kg 4 significant figures Zeros between nonzero digits are significant 606 m 3 significant.

Significant Figures. Purpose Significant figures are used with any measurement Significant figures are used with any measurement They tell you something.

Significant Figures and Rounding

Significant Figures Part II: Calculations.

Significant Figures.  All measurements are inaccurate  Precision of measuring device  Human error  Faulty technique.

Rules for Determining Significant Figures AP Chemistry U01L05.

IB Chem I Uncertainty in Measurement Significant Figures.

Aim: How can we perform mathematical calculations with significant digits? Do Now: State how many sig. figs. are in each of the following: x 10.

Chapter 1.5 Uncertainty in Measurement. Exact Numbers Values that are known exactly Numbers obtained from counting The number 1 in conversions Exactly.

Section 2.3 Measurement Reliability. Accuracy Term used with uncertainties Measure of how closely individual measurements agree with the correct or true.

Significant Figures in Mathematical Operations The result of the mathematical operation cannot be expressed to any greater degree of certainty than the.

The Scientific Method 1. Using and Expressing Measurements Scientific notation is written as a number between 1 and 10 multiplied by 10 raised to a power.

Working with Significant Figures. Exact Numbers Some numbers are exact, either because: We count them (there are 14 elephants) By definition (1 inch =

Uncertainty in Measurements and Significant Figures Group 4 Period 1.

A measured value Number and unit Example 6 ft.. Accuracy How close you measure or hit a true value or target.

What time is it? Someone might say “1:30” or “1:28” or “1:27:55” Each is appropriate for a different situation In science we describe a value as having.

How many significant figures?

SIG FIGS Section 2-3 Significant Figures Often, precision is limited by the tools available. Significant figures include all known digits plus one estimated.

Significant Figures What do you write?

Significant Figures and Scientific Notation Significant Figures:Digits that are the result of careful measurement. 1.All non-zero digits are considered.

Significant Figures Rules and Applications. Rules for Determining Significant Figures 1.) All Non-Zero digits are Significant. 1.) All Non-Zero digits.

Significant Figures How to count the number of significant figures in a decimal number. How to count the number of significant figures in a decimal number.

Accuracy, Precision, and Significant Figures in Measurement

Significant Figures and Scientific Notation The measuring device determines the number of significant figures a measurement has. Significant figures reflect.

Significant Figures in Calculations. A calculated answer cannot be more precise than the least precise measurement from which it was calculated. The answer.

Addition and Subtraction of significant figures. Rule 1 Before performing an addition or subtraction operation, round off numbers to the least amount.

Mastery of Significant Figures, Scientific Notation and Calculations Goal: Students will demonstrate success in identifying the number of significant figures.

Uncertainty in Measurement A digit that must be estimated is called uncertain. A measurement always has some degree of uncertainty. Significant figures.

Measurement & Calculations Overview of the Scientific Method OBSERVE FORMULATE HYPOTHESIS TEST THEORIZE PUBLISH RESULTS.

Significant Figures. Rule 1: Digits other than zero are significant 96 g = 2 Sig Figs 152 g = __________ Sig Figs 61.4 g = 3 Sig Figs g = __________.

Mastery of Significant Figures, Scientific Notation and Calculations Goal: Students will demonstrate success in identifying the number of significant figures.

Mathematical Operations with Significant Figures Ms. McGrath Science 10.

Significant Figures. Rule 1: Nonzero numbers are always significant. Ex.) 72.3 has 3 sig figs.

 1. Nonzero integers. Nonzero integers always count as significant figures. For example, the number 1457 has four nonzero integers, all of which count.

Chemistry I. Precision and Accuracy Accuracy refers to the agreement of a particular value with the true value. Precision refers to the degree of agreement.

SIG FIGURE’S RULE SUMMARY COUNTING #’S and Conversion factors – INFINITE NONZERO DIGIT’S: ALWAYS ZERO’S: LEADING : NEVER CAPTIVE: ALWAYS TRAILING :SOMETIMES.

Significant Figures When we take measurements or make calculations, we do so with a certain precision. This precision is determined by the instrument we.

Rules for Significant Figures

Significant Figures!.

Unit 3 lec 2: Significant Figures

Significant Figures.

Part 2 Significant Figures with Calculations

Significant Figures Notes on PAGE _____. Significant Figures Notes on PAGE _____.

Rules for Significant Figures

Significant Figures Definition: Measurement with Sig Figs:

Significant Figures Sig Figs.

Significant Figures.

Measurement: Significant Figures

Warm –up #2 What is chemistry? Write what you recall about the definition and name 2 areas of study of chemistry.

Review of yesterday… How many sig figs are in the following? 0.02

SIG FIGURE’S RULE SUMMARY

Significant Figures.

(sig figs if you’re cool)

Notes Significant Figures!.

Significant Figures

Unit 1 lec 3: Significant Figures

Exact and Inexact Numbers

Significant Figures and Percent Error

5. Significant Figures- = represent the valid digits of a measurement and tells us how good your instrument is.

Measurement Accuracy & Precision.

Significant Figures Revisiting the Rules.

Accuracy and Precision

Aim: How do we determine the number of significant figures in a measurement? Warm Up What is the difference between the values of 3, 3.0, and 3.00.

Uncertainty in Measurement

Significant Figures (Sig figs)

Calculation with Significant Figures

Presentation transcript:

Chemistry 100 Significant Figures

Rules for Significant Figures  Zeros used to locate decimal points are NOT significant. e.g., 0.5 kg = 5. X 10 2 g  1 sig. fig.  What if the measurement was 500 g? 5 x 10 2 g1 sig. fig. 5.0 x 10 2 g2 sig. figs x 10 2 g3 sig. figs.

 Certain values are exact (e.g., from definitions) 1 kg = ……… g exactly 1 s = …………. ms exactly 1 cal = ……… J exactly.

Addition and Subtraction Operations.  Results from +, - operations should be reported to the same number of decimal places as that of the least precise term = (calculator)  2 places after the decimal  1 place after the decimal. Final answer must have only 1 place after the decimal = 23.1

Multiplication and Division Operations  Results from x,  operations should be rounded off to the same number of significant figures possessed by the least precise term x =  2 sig. figs  5 sig. figs. Final answer can only possess 2 sig. figs. = 1.7 x 10 2

Carrying digits through a long calculation  Example: 129 / = = = 19.5  Usually carry an extra digit through the calculations, then round off the final answer according to the significant figure rules.