Public Transportation

Public transportation Definition What is Public Transportation? Public transportation includes all vehicle services designed to transport customers on local and regional routes. These services include: private and public buses; vanpools; heavy and light rail…. Dec 2004 Public transportation

Public transportation Why? Faster, less stressful, more productive Transit helps reduce traffic congestion Transit spurs development and economic growth Transit versus highways Transit is vital to national security Improving air quality Reduced energy consumption and dependence. WWW.PARSTRAFFIC.COM Dec 2004 Public transportation

Transit and Personal health The Health Threat: Air Pollution Air pollution claims 70,000 lives a year, nearly twice the number killed in traffic accidents The American Lung Association estimated that, as far back as 1993-94, high levels of ozone in 13 cities resulted in 10,000 to 15,000 additional hospital admissions and 30,000 to 50,000 additional emergency room visits. The annual cost of health damage from motor vehicle pollution is estimated to be between $29 billion and $530 billion … Dec 2004 Public transportation

Transit and Personal health Transit answers: Compared with private vehicles, public transportation produces, on average, per passenger mile, 95 percent less carbon monoxide, 92 percent fewer volatile organic compounds, 45 percent less carbon dioxide and 48 percent less nitrogen oxide Dec 2004 Public transportation

Transit and Personal health The Health Threat: Accidents and Injuries Transit answers: Public transportation trips result in 190,000 fewer deaths, injuries and accidents annually than trips by car, providing $2 billion to $5 billion in safety benefits, based on 1994 data Riding the bus is 170 times safer than automobile travel, according to National Safety Council data.21 Dec 2004 Public transportation

Transit and Personal health The Health Threat: Road Stress Transit answers: less travel time more predictability enhanced control less effort required WWW.PARSTRAFFIC.COM Dec 2004 Public transportation

Transit and Congestion Each person traveling in peak periods wastes, on average, 62 hours a year—nearly eight full working days in congestion delays. Congestion is becoming more widespread, experienced by nearly 60 percent of urban roadways in 2000 Congestion is no longer confined to our largest metropolitan areas. As long ago as 1997, two-thirds of peak-period traffic was congested in areas of 500,000 or less. Dec 2004 Public transportation

Transit and Congestion The cause: Disproportionate increases in private vehicle use. under-investment in public transportation and lack of travel alternatives reinforce private vehicle Distant stations Inadequate networks Dec 2004 Public transportation

Transit and Congestion Transit answers: A full rail car removes 200 cars from the road. A full bus removes 60 cars. A full van removes 12 cars. Public transportation passengers saved 17,400 hours daily over auto travel in the corridors. Remaining road users in the corridors saved 22,000 hours of delay per day due to the absence of vehicles from public transportation users. Travelers on surrounding roads in the corridors saved an additional 20,700 hours daily as spillover congestion was reduced. WWW.PARSTRAFFIC.COM Dec 2004 Public transportation

Public transportation Dec 2004 Public transportation

Different Kinds of Public Transportation Bus Car poor and Vanpool Metro Light train Mono rail Taxi Ferry Bike WWW.PARSTRAFFIC.COM Dec 2004 Public transportation

Public transportation Carpool A carpool is a group of two or more people who commute to work or other destinations together in a private vehicle. Carpool members work out their own agreements on who drives and how often, schedules, and payments for gas and maintenance. A vanpool is a prearranged group of five to fifteen people who share their commute. The group enjoys a low monthly fare and a comfortable commute in an 8, 12, or 15 passenger van, usually provided by a local transit authority, nonprofit group or employer. Members—usually co-workers or people who work in the same vicinity—volunteer to drive, fuel and keep the van clean, and schedule maintenance and repair work. High occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes, commonly called carpool lanes, are lanes reserved for people who share the ride in carpools, vanpools and/or buses or drive a motorcycle. These lanes are marked with a diamond symbol and HOV signs. WWW.PARSTRAFFIC.COM Dec 2004 Public transportation

Public transportation Carpool Dec 2004 Public transportation

Public transportation Light train An electric railway system, characterized by its ability to operate single or multiple car consists (trains) along exclusive rights-of-way at ground level, on aerial structures, in subways or in streets, able to board and discharge passengers at station platforms or at street, track, or car-floor level and normally powered by overhead electrical wires. Dec 2004 Public transportation

Public transportation Mono rail A single rail serving as a track for passenger vehicles, in most cases the rail is elevated, but the monorails can also run at grade, below or above the ground Vehicles are either suspended from or straddle a narrow beam Monorail vehicles are wider that the beam that supports them Dec 2004 Public transportation

Public transportation Ferry A ferry is a boat or a ship carrying passengers, and possibly their vehicles, on a relatively short-distance, regularly-scheduled service. Ferries form an important part of the public transport systems of many waterside cities, allowing direct transit between points at a capital cost much lower than bridges or tunnels. A foot-passenger ferry with many stops, such as in Venice, is called a waterbus or water taxi. WWW.PARSTRAFFIC.COM Dec 2004 Public transportation

Public transportation Metro Metro is a form of mass transit public transport system employing trains. In many cases, at least a portion of the rails are placed in tunnels dug beneath the surface of a city in which case the system may be called the Underground or the subway WWW.PARSTRAFFIC.COM Dec 2004 Public transportation

World’s Largest Subway Systems Dec 2004 Public transportation

Public transportation Bikes customer demand bike facilities and safety profitability theft and vandalism multimodal connectivity WWW.PARSTRAFFIC.COM Dec 2004 Public transportation

Unleash the power of public transportation Make it a planning priority Make it the centre of your community Make it look fantastic Make it easy street for pedestrians Make it the hottest ticket in town WWW.PARSTRAFFIC.COM Dec 2004 Public transportation

Unleash the power of public transportation Make it everybody’s business Make it a next door neighbor Make it a canvas for new ideas Make it a community partner Make it a wise investment WWW.PARSTRAFFIC.COM Dec 2004 Public transportation