Clinical Assessment of Articulation and Phonology CAAP Clinical Assessment of Articulation and Phonology

Description CAAP is a contemporary, norm-referenced instrument designed to assess English articulation and phonology in preschool/school age children. Authors: Wayne A. Secord, Ph. D., CCC-SLP JoAnn S. Donahue, M.A., CCC-SLP

Exam Goals To quickly inventory the articulation abilities in young children. To derive a measure of overall articulation competence. To compare word and sentence level competence of school-age children. To estimate the occurrence of 10 common phonological process patterns in children’s speech.

Test Format Test Materials: Test based two components: Stimulus easel colored pictures Articulation Inventory Phonologic Processes checklist (x2) Administration Manual Test based two components: Phonological Process Checklist I and II

Articulatory Inventory Two sections: Consonant Inventory 24 consonants, 1 vocalic sounds assessed multiple times in 44 words for a total of 97 test items. 3 levels of difficulty based on sequential order of development: Consonant Singletons (CVC) I.e. yo-yo Cluster Words (CCVC) I.e. clown Multisyllabic Words (CVC V) I.e. elephant

Articulatory Inventory School-Age Sentence Section 8 sentences varying in length (8-11 words)= total of 73 words produced accuracy measured by number of words produced correctly May end testing with articulatory inventory for preschool-age clients (< 5 years of age) All test sections are suggested for clients older than five years.

Phonologic Process Checklist I and II Assesses occurrence of 10 common phonologic processes 3 types of processes: (1)Syllable Structure Process: Phoneme, syllable to be reduced in number, deleted, or repeated. A. final consonant deletion B. cluster reduction C. syllable reduction

Phonologic Process Checklist I and II (2)Substitution Process: One sound class replaces another. A. gliding B. vocalization C. fronting D. deaffrication E. stopping (3)Assimilation Process: Change influenced by another sound. A. prevocalic voicing B. postvocalic voicing

Administration Introductory story with pals as a warm up optional works well with defensive children Consonant Inventory show picture plate to elicit response clinician cues on each plate target sounds are highlighted on each plate if child is <5 years, stop testing or go ahead to phonologic probes. If child is 5>, continue with this section

Administration... Sentence Section child will repeat 8 sentences clinician may give 2 repetitions per sentence Phonologic Process Probes 2-4 pictures per plate labeled A,B,C,D If child doesn’t respond to A, model target word and request repetition continue with B,C,D may fade verbal cues as needed continue until end of test

Recording Responses Consonant Inventory: checkmark= correct responses dash= omitted sound backslash= omitted syllables X= phonetic distortions transcription= substitutions

Recording Responses…. School-Age Sentences: record / through whole word to indicate error use checkmark to show no error Phonologic Process Checklist I: after fact assessment, so no recording until after test is completed Phonologic Process Checklist II: answer yes/no as responses are made

Scoring Consonant Inventory: examiner sums all errors for consonant singletons, cluster words, and o multisyllable words subtotals are summed= Consonant Inventory Score raw score School-Age Sentences: total errors on each is summed enter raw score

Scoring…. Phonologic Process Checklist: sum all yes responses examiner calculates % of occurrence for each process examiner indicates if each process is active or not by circling yes/no response processes having % occurrence of 40% or more are active two calculators are provided in CAAP kit

National Standardization CAAP standardized based on 1,707 children ages 2.6-8.11 years standardized version based on 63 consonant singleton words, 18 cluster words, 13 multisyllabic words, 15 preschool sentences, 15 school-age sentences color illustrations administered by 220 SLPs in 35 states

Converting Raw Score to Standardized Score After computing raw score, refer to chapter 6 in the examiner’s manual Locate client’s chronological age in norms to appropriate raw score Confidence levels= to 90% confidence

Pros and Cons Pros: wide age range colorful pictures quick and easy contemporary format strong emphasis on consonants Cons doesn’t emphasize vowel production new concepts to SLPs, therefore may require more time to administer initially

Ordering Information Available through Super Duper Publications Address: P.O Box 24997 Greenville, Sc. 29616 Phone: 1-800-277-8737 Web: www.superduperinc.com

Thank you for your attention!! Dr. Frank Kersting Western Kentucky University