Bell Ringer Choose an Earth Science branch. List how some of its studies relate to Earth’s spheres. Explain how features in each of Earth’s spheres are changing over time. Describe a situation in which two or more of Earth’s spheres are interacting. * Refer to pages 1-10 to assist you in answering your questions. Individual, then work in pairs to share out answers.

What is Earth Science? Earth Science: the scientific study of our planet, the Earth. It encompasses all sciences which focus on the Earth, and uses physics, geology, geography, meteorology, mathematics, chemistry, and biology.

What is Earth Science? the lithosphere (land) The hydrosphere (water) The Earth sciences generally recognize four "spheres" of study of the Earth: the lithosphere (land) The hydrosphere (water) The atmosphere (air) The biosphere (life)

Earth Science in our lives… Morning, noon and night we encounter Earth Science! For example: I wake up in the morning and use a bar of soap (minerals from the earth) Take 10 minutes and create a timeline from—  morning----------------afternoon---------------night  Find at least 5 things in your life that involve earth science

EES in Daily Timeline My example: Morning: I drive my car to school = burning gas, fossil fuels from earth Afternoon: On my way home, I drive on the paved road Evening: I need running water to brush my teeth before bed

The Scientific Method You have probably learned that the scientific method is the way scientists approach their work. The scientific method: is a series of steps that help to investigate a question. Scientists use data and evidence gathered from observations, experience, or experiments to answer their questions

Hypothesis vs. Prediction Predictions - statement made describing a possible explanation that will occur in the future Ex: I think I’m going to get an A in Earth and Environmental Science this semester.

Hypothesis vs. Prediction Hypothesis - testable statement that explains natural phenomena. It describes a cause and effect relationship (not just "educated guesses"). ALWAYS in the “if, then” format Ex: If I do all of my work and study, then I will get an A in Earth & Environmental Science this semester.

Prediction or Hypothesis? What’s under the box?

Prediction or Hypothesis? If I study longer, then I will get better grades.

Writing A Proper Hypothesis Using the “If / Then” Method

Writing your Hypothesis IF (independent variable), THEN (dependent variable) Independent Variable = water Dependent Variable = plant growth Example: If I water the plant, then it will grow.

What Makes a Hypothesis Good? Components of a good Hypothesis: It explains the problem It is testable (therefore it CANNOT be about supernatural or mystic events) It is as simple as it can be, while still fulfilling the first two items Practice Writing a Hypothesis

Write your own hypothesis A dog owner wants to test how exercise affects how his dog sleeps. The owner predicts that the dogs exercise will correlate with the number of ours he sleeps. He was careful to give his dog the same amount of food on the days he did the experiment. Write a hypothesis for the dog owner.

Theory vs. Scientific Law Scientific Theory – is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world that is acquired through the scientific method and repeatedly tested and confirmed through observation and experimentation. Scientific Law – A statement based on repeated experimental observations that describes some aspects of the universe.

Time to put those new hypotheses and predictions to the test… 3 Hole Bottle Lab! Expectations: Watch Closely Raise Hand before speaking Fill Out Lab Report as we go Time to put those new hypotheses and predictions to the test… Use class sets for this activity.

Expectations for Independent Practice May talk quietly to neighbor Do not get out of your seat- unless approved Only time allowed for bathroom One student allowed @ a time Pencil/Pen in hand practicing content & skills