1 Can there be a truly Green Building or Eco-city without a Data-based approach? QINGPENG WEI, Ph.D. Building Energy Research Center Tsinghua University, China 3rd US-China Green Energy Conference , Suzhou, China

2 BERC Building Energy Research Center Established in March, 2005; Sprouted from Institute of Built Environment, THU Established in March, 2005; Sprouted from Institute of Built Environment, THU General Information Mission Devote to develop energy efficient and environmentally responsible buildings and cities in accordance with national and international energy and environmental targets through innovation.

3 Solar thermal panel Plant roof Insulated wall and window Light well and Ventilation chimney PV panel Double-skin façade, External ventilation Double-skin façade, internal ventilation Vacuum glazing Sunlight Collect system Man-made Wet land Horizontal Exterior Shading Vertical Exterior Shading Double-skin facade, natural ventilation PCM risen floor Self cleaning glass Green house Low-E Triple Glazing Controllable aperture Low Energy Demo Building: An Integrated Platform

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5 Can there be a truly Green Building or Eco-city without a Data-based approach?

6 Owens (USGBC), Frankel, Turner (NBI), 2008

7 Typical Multi Family Bldg. in Beijing A.5 floors, 1981 Split unit B.18 floors, 1996, Split unit C. 26 floors, 2003 Split unit D. 26 floors, 2004, Unitary AC E. 26 floors, 2005, Centralized AC system

8 Measured Electricity Use for AC kWh/m 2.year

9 Case2: AC in Summer in Res. Bldg. Measured Electricity Use of Air- Conditioners in Each Household in a multi family apartment in Beijing Measured Electricity Use of Air- Conditioners in Each Household in a multi family apartment in Beijing

10 Case study ： Campus Buildings BA

11 Observations on A Campus in Beijing Electricity of Campus Buildings (A), kWh/m 2.a Average: 30 Average: 64 Average: 82 Buildings with Fan Only Buildings with Split AC Units Buildings with Centralized AC System

12 Observations in Campus in Philadelphia Electricity of Campus Buildings (B), kWh/m 2.a Excluding District Cooling Plant Served with District Heating / Cooling (DHC) System

13 Metered Cooling Consumption Data 12 Cooling Consumption in Buildings in a summer week Buildings in US W/m 2 Buildings in BJ

14 Reheat Fighting with Cooling A typical Air Handling Process in a US bldg: VAV + Reheat A typical Air Handling Process in a US bldg: VAV + Reheat

15 Think of it…

ECBCS ExCo Meeting, Oxford, United Kingdom, November 2009 IEA ECBCS Annex 53 Total energy use in buildings - analysis and evaluation methods 16 Influencing Factors on Total Energy Use in Buildings Weather Building Envelop Building Equipment Operation & Maintenance Occupant Behavior Indoor Environment Conditions Building Performance Energy Use By Prof. Yoshino

17 EUI per capita vs. EUI per GFA Source: International Energy Outlook 2008, EIA DOE, 2008 million tce

18 Evolution of Energy Use in Bldg. Per capita Per GFA Source: International Energy Outlook 2008, EIA DOE, 2008

19 Global Ecological Footprint Source: A Living Planet, WWF Report, 2005

20 Data-based Approach Goal Setting Goal Setting – Maintaining the real energy use in urban consumption sector within a certain figure Policy Making Policy Making – Designed and conducted based on analyzing and understanding the real energy use data – Evaluated after implementation through measured or surveyed real energy use data on which the policy is supposed to influence

21 Thank you!