Unit 5 Exam Speed Review

Obj: Compare Components of Blood

BLOOD – the only fluid tissue PLASMA (55%) WHITE BLOOD CELLS & PLATELETS (Less than 1%) RED BLOOD CELLS (45%) FORMED ELEMENTS Red Blood Cells White Blood Cells Platelets

ComponentFunction/Info PLASMA55%, made up mostly of water, liquid part of blood WHITE BLOOD CELLS (LEUKOCYTE) Less than 1% (w/ platelets); fight infection PLATELETSLess than 1 % (w/ WBC); clot blood RED BLOOD CELLS (ERYTHROCYTE) 45%, carry oxygen to tissues Hematocrit = % of RBC in body

Obj: Describe Blood Types

A = only A antigens B = only B antigens AB = A & B antigens O = neither A nor B antigens

O = Universal Donor AB = Universal Recipient

If someone does not receive proper blood during a transfusion: – It creates an immune response A person’s kidneys could shut down The person could get a fever, nausea or vomit – Blood clumps (agglutination) Can clog blood vessels

PhenotypeGenotype AAA or AO BBB or BO AB OOO A woman with blood type A (genotype AO) and a man with blood type AB (genotype AB) are going to have a baby. What are the possible blood types of the baby? AO A AAAO B ABBO A = 50% B = 25 % AB = 25% O = 0%

Obj: Label Heart Anatomy

LEFT ATRIUM RIGHT ATRIUM LEFT VENTRICLE RIGHT VENTRICLE

MITRAL TRICUSPID PULMONIC RA RV LA LV AORTIC

AORTA SUPERIOR VC Pulmonary veins INFERIOR VC RA RV LA LV Pulmonary arteries

Obj: Explain the circulatory system

Blood Vessel Name Direction of blood flow Usual Color of blood Why Arteries Veins Away from heart Towards heart Red Blue Blood is oxygenated Blood is unoxygenated

Pulmonic Circuit Circulation of blood flow from the R side of to lungs to L side of ** Pulmonic = lungs!

Systemic Circuit Circulation of blood flow from the L side of to tissues in rest of body to R side of

Blood Flow Through the Circulatory System Tissues in rest of body P Veins LA MV LV AV Aorta PA PV RV SVC & IVC RA TV BLOODFLOW THROUGH THE HEART Copy your class created flowchart into the one provided below. Use abbreviations (ex: Left Atrium = LA). When finished, use a red and blue colored pencil to indicate by outlining the box if blood flowing through here is oxygenated (red) or unoxygenated (blue).

Obj: Describe the dangers of high blood pressure

Vital Signs Taken to measure how the body is functioning 1.Temperature 2.Respiratory Rate (breathing rate) 3.Pulse 4.Blood Pressure

Pulse The pulse you feel when placing two fingers on your wrist is your left ventricle contracting or squeezing.

Blood Pressure _____________ SYSTOLIC DIASTOLIC 100 or below = low (hypotension) = normal 140 or above = high (hypertension )

Dangers of High Blood Pressure Low life expectancy Heart Attack Stroke Headaches Weakened heart Dizziness Sweating

Obj: Explain how the heart beats

Your heartbeat can be heard as a “Lub-dub” sound. The first heart sound (Lub) is caused by the mitral and tricuspid valves closing. The second heart sound (dub) is caused by the aortic and pulmonic valves closing.

Heart Murmurs Sounds like a swishing sound with the Lub dub sound. Caused by a valve not closing tightly or a hole in the septum

Obj: Characterize heart diseases/disorders

Cardiac Arrest When circulation completely stops to the rest of the body There is no pulse because the heart is not pumping blood Drug overdosing can cause someone to go into cardiac arrest

Heart Attacks A blood vessel becomes blocked and interrupts blood flow to the heart, causing heart muscle to die. A fatty material called plaque (plak) builds up over many years on the inside walls of the coronary arteries

Enlarged Heart Enlarged heart tells you that the heart is being overworked. This can mean there is something wrong with the heart anatomically Or there is too much physical pressure on the heart

Stroke Blood supply to brain is interrupted Brain cannot get oxygen FAST = acronym to help diagnose if person is having a stroke

GOOD LUCK!! 80% Mastery! I U