BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES -- Serving the Present, Shaping the Future Dr. Patricia M. Dehmer Director, Office of Basic Energy Sciences Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy 5 August 2004 Basic Energy Sciences Update Office of Basic Energy Sciences Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy

2 I.BES staffing chart – we have DDs! II.Budget update III.Hydrogen solicitation update IV.BES “Program Plan” V.BES strategic planing and the role of BESAC (For BESAC discussion at this meeting) News

3 BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES -- Serving the Present, Shaping the Future V. BES strategic planning and the role of BESAC

I.Mission challenges  Mission challenges updated in “Basic Research Needs for a Secure Energy Future”  Follow-on study “Basic Research Needs for the Hydrogen Economy” II.Fundamental science challenges to address the mission  The ultrasmall: Science at the nanoscale  The ultrafast: Science at femtosecond and shorter timescales  Theory, modeling, and simulation: Science to understand, predict, and help us control our world  Complexity: Science of systems that exhibit emergent properties not anticipated from an understanding of the components III.Enabling tools  Facilities that provide the fundamental probes of matter – photons, neutrons, and electrons  Nanoscale Science Research Centers IV.Stewardship of DOE-owned research institutions V.Workforce development and the Nation’s universities The Intersection of BESAC and BES – BES Strategic Planning

N NanoSummit June 23-24, 2004

6 BESACBES ? BES Recent BES & BESAC Activities – Science that addresses the Mission

Energy Flow Diagram for the U.S., 1999

8 Rick’s Terawatt Challenge 14 Terawatts (world) 210 M BOE/day 30 – 60 Terawatts (world) 450 – 900 MBOE/day From Rick Smalley’s presentation at NanoSummit

Geothermal Continental Total Potential: 11.6 TW Wind 4% Utilization: 2-3 TW Hydroelectric Gross: 4.6 TW Technically Feasible: 1.6 TW Economic: 0.9 TW Installed Capacity: 0.6 TW Biomass 50% of all cultivatible land: 7-10 TW Solar Potential: 1.2x10 5 TW Practical: 600 TW From Nate Lewis’s presentation at NanoSummit Nate’s Review of the Potentials of Various Renewables

11 BESACBES Solar BES Recent BES & BESAC Activities – Science that addresses the mission Solar Energy (Recommendations from BESAC study)  Increase the cost-competitive production of fuels and chemicals from renewable biomass by a hundred fold  Develop methods for solar energy conversion that result in a fold decrease in the cost-to-efficiency ratio for the production of fuels and electricity  Convert solar energy into stored chemical fuels  Develop advanced materials for renewable energy applications

12 Complex Systems Science for the 21 st Century BES w/BESAC BESACBESACBESAC Theory & Computing BESACBES ? BESAC Recent BES & BESAC Activities – Science that advances our understanding of the natural world

I.Mission challenges  Mission challenges updated in “Basic Research Needs for a Secure Energy Future”  Follow-on study “Basic Research Needs for the Hydrogen Economy” II.Fundamental science challenges to address the mission  The ultrasmall: Science at the nanoscale  The ultrafast: Science at femtosecond and shorter timescales  Theory, modeling, and simulation: Science to understand, predict, and help us control our world  Complexity: Science of systems that exhibit emergent properties not anticipated from an understanding of the components III.Enabling tools  Facilities that provide the fundamental probes of matter – photons, neutrons, and electrons  Nanoscale Science Research Centers IV.Stewardship of DOE-owned research institutions V.Workforce development and the Nation’s universities The Intersection of BESAC and BES – the BES Strategic Plan

14  Grand Qs, e.g. in the style of Connecting Quarks to the Cosmos?  Beyond nano, or, alternatively, complex systems redux?  The forest, not the trees, in eV science. Complex Systems Science for the 21 st Century BES w/BESAC BESACBESACBESAC Theory & Computing BESACBES ? BESAC Recent BES & BESAC Activities – Science that advances our understanding of the natural world

15 BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES -- Serving the Present, Shaping the Future I. The staff

Catalysis and Chemical Transformation Separations and Analysis Chemical Energy and Chemical Engineering Heavy Element Chemistry Raul Miranda u JohnGordon, LANL Paul Maupin WilliamMillman LesterMorss Norman Edelstein, LBNL Nicholas Woodward l DavidLesmes, George Washington U. Geosciences Research Photochemistry & Radiation Research Chemical Physics Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Science RichardHilderbrandt l FrankTully, SNL MaryGress RichardHilderbrandt Plant Sciences Biochemistry and Biophysics James Tavares SharleneWeatherwax Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division Walter Stevens, Director DianeMarceau, Program Analyst Program Assistant (Vacant) Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division Walter Stevens, Director DianeMarceau, Program Analyst Program Assistant (Vacant) John Miller Sharon Snead,Prog. Asst. Molecular Processes and Geosciences John Miller Sharon Snead,Prog. Asst. Molecular Processes and Geosciences Fundamental Interactions EricRohlfing Robin Felder,Prog. Asst. Fundamental Interactions EricRohlfing Robin Felder,Prog. Asst. Fundamental Interactions EricRohlfing Robin Felder,Prog. Asst. Energy Biosciences Research James Tavares Program Assistant (Vacant) Energy Biosciences Research James Tavares Program Assistant (Vacant) Robert Astheimer F. DonFreeburn FredTathwell Margie Davis KarenTalamini Engineer,Vacant Director's Office Staff l IPA u Detailee, 1/4 time, not at HQ July 2004 Harriet Kung, Director Christie Ashton, Program Analyst Ann Lundy, Secretary Materials Sciences and Engineering Division Harriet Kung, Director Christie Ashton, Program Analyst Ann Lundy, Secretary Materials Sciences and Engineering Division Materials and Engineering Physics Robert Gottschall Terry Jones,Prog. Asst. Structure & Composition of Materials Mechanical Behavior of Materials &RadEffects Altaf (Tof) Carim YokChen Engineering Research Physical Behavior of Materials Synthesis & Processing Science Vacant Jane Zhu Timothy Fitzsimmons Condensed Matter Phys and Materials Chemistry X-Ray & Neutron Scat. William Oosterhuis Melanie Becker,Prog. Asst. Experimental Condensed Matter Physics Theoretical Condensed Matter Physics Materials Chemistry & BiomolecularMaterials JamesHorwitz Dale Koelling Dick Kelley AravindaKini Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) MateshVarma X-ray & Neutron Scattering Helen Kerch Scientific User Facilities Division Patricia Dehmer, Director Mary Jo Martin, Administrative Specialist Office of Basic Energy Sciences MichaelCasassa u DavidEderer, ANL Pedro Montano, Director LindaCerrone, Program Support Specialist Spallation Neutron Source (Construction) Jeffrey Hoy X-ray & Neutron Scattering Facilities Vacant Nanoscale Science Research Centers (Construction) Kristin Bennett Altaf (Tof) Carim Linac Coherent Light Source (Construction) Jeffrey Hoy SNS, LCLS, and X-ray&Neutron Scattering InstrumentMIEs Kristin Bennett Vacant

17 BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES -- Serving the Present, Shaping the Future II. The budget

18 The DOE/SC Budget Cycle FY 2004FY 2005FY 2006 YOU ARE HERE! August 2004 BESAC Mtg. FY 2006 DOE Guidance for OMB Budget Preparation FY 2005 Congressional Appropriations (?) Inauguration, January 20, 2005 National Election, November 2, 2004

The Office of Science FY 05 Budget Request Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy

20 BES FY 2005 President’s Budget Request B/A in millions of dollars $ 1, Construction Research (Laboratories) User Facilities (Operating) Research (Universities*) Capital Equipment SBIR/STTR GPP AIP * Includes the funding for not-for-profits, other agencies, and private institutions. CONSTRUCTION (Spallation Neutron Source, Nanoscale Science Research Centers, & Linac Coherent Light Source) FACILITY OPERATIONS (X-ray and Neutron Scattering Facilities & the Combustion Research Center) RESEARCH (Materials Sciences and Engineering Subprogram & Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Subprogram)

21 BES FY 2005 Budget – House and Senate Marks House Report House Report The Committee recommendation for basic energy sciences is $1,076,530,000, an increase of $13,000,000 over the budget request. For purposes of reprogramming during fiscal year 2005, the Department may allocate funding among all operating accounts within Basic Energy Sciences. Research. — The Committee recommendation includes $612,228,000 for materials sciences and engineering, and $232,422,000 for chemical sciences, geosciences, and energy biosciences. The additional $13,000,000 in these accounts is to fund additional research on nanoscale science, including research on low cost nanoparticles using plasma reactors at the Idaho National Laboratory, and increase operating time on the Basic Energy Sciences user facilities. Also included within this account is $7,673,000 for the Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR), the same as the budget request. C onstruction. — The Committee recommendation includes $231,880,000 for Basic Energy Sciences construction projects, the same as the requested amount. Senate Report Not yet Conference Report Not yet

22 15-Year History of EWD Appropriations Bills Energy and Water Development Appropriations Congressional ActionsExecutive ActionsDays Beyond September 30th BudgetBillConf. Rpt.FiledPassedSigned by the PresidentFiledPassedSigned FY 2004H.R.2754H Nov-0318-Nov-0301-Dec-03P.L FY 2003H.J.RES.2H Feb-0313-Feb-0320-Feb-03P.L FY 2002H.R.2311H Oct-0101-Nov-0112-Nov-01P.L FY 2001H.R.4635H Oct-0019-Oct-0027-Oct-00P.L FY 2000H.R.2605H Sep-9928-Sep-9929-Sep-99P.L FY 1999H.R.4060H Sep-9828-Sep-9807-Oct-98P.L FY 1998H.R.2203H Sep-9730-Sep-9713-Oct-97P.L FY 1997H.R.3816H Sep-9617-Sep-9630-Sep-96P.L FY 1996H.R.1905H Oct-9531-Oct-9513-Nov-95P.L FY 1995H.R.4506H Aug-9411-Aug-9426-Aug-94P.L FY 1994H.R.2445H Oct-9327-Oct-9328-Oct-93P.L FY 1993H.R.5373H Sep-9224-Sep-9202-Oct-92P.L FY 1992H.R.2427H Jul-9102-Aug-9117-Aug-91P.L FY 1991H.R.5019H Oct-9020-Oct-9005-Nov-90P.L FY 1990H.R.2696H Sep-8914-Sep-8929-Sep-89P.L

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24 The DOE/SC Budget Cycle FY 2007 planning starts in 8-9 months

25 BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES -- Serving the Present, Shaping the Future III. Hydrogen solicitation update

26 BES Solicitation for Research in Support of the President’s Hydrogen Fuel Initiative  Approximately $21.5 million will be awarded in FY 2005, pending appropriations.  Five high-priority research directions were the focus of the solicitation. They are: – Novel Materials for Hydrogen Storage – Membranes for Separation, Purification, and Ion Transport – Design of Catalysts at the Nanoscale – Solar Hydrogen Production – Bio-Inspired Materials and Processes  No applications will be accepted without a preapplication followed by a BES response encouraging a full application.  Each FFRDC was limited to the submission of up to six preapplications as leading institution. For FFRDCs, BES reserves the right to encourage, in whole or in part, any, all, or none of the preapplications submitted, and BES may issue further guidance on the scope of full proposal submissions of those encouraged.  Initial awards will be in Fiscal Year  BES will coordinate with all appropriate groups, particularly EERE.

27 Important Dates February 23, 2004First discussion at BESAC May 15, 2004Call for preapplications published July 15, 2004Preapplications due September 1, 2004Decisions on preapplications sent to PIs January 1, 2005Full proposals due June – July 2005Awards made Hydrogen Solicitation Timetable

28 A: Storage (199) B: Membranes (174) C: Catalysts (152) D: Solar (86) E: Bio- Inspired (54) BES FY05 Hydrogen Solicitation Preproposals Statistics A total of 665 qualified preapplications in five submission categories are under review by panels of Feds. A: Novel Materials for Hydrogen Storage B: Membranes for Separation, Purification, and Ion Transport C: Design of Catalysts at the Nanoscale D: Solar Hydrogen Production E: Bio-Inspired Materials and Processes

29 BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES -- Serving the Present, Shaping the Future IV. BES Program Plan

30 DOE Strategic Plan General Goal: General Goal 5, World Class Scientific Research Capacity: Provide world-class scientific research capacity needed to: ensure the success of Department missions in national and energy security; advance the frontiers of knowledge in physical sciences and areas of biological, medical, environmental, and computational sciences, or provide world-class research facilities for the Nation’s science enterprise. BES Mission Statement and Program Goal: Mission: The mission of the Basic Energy Sciences (BES) program – a multipurpose, scientific research effort – is to foster and support fundamental research to expand the scientific foundations for new and improved energy technologies and for understanding and mitigating the environmental impacts of energy use. The portfolio supports work in the natural sciences, emphasizing fundamental research in materials sciences, chemistry, geosciences, and aspects of biosciences. Program Goal : Advance the basic science for energy independence – Provide the scientific knowledge and tools to achieve energy independence, securing U.S. leadership and essential breakthroughs in basic energy sciences. Objectives: Core Disciplines: Advance the core disciplines of the basic energy sciences, producing transformational breakthroughs in materials sciences, chemistry, geosciences, energy biosciences, and engineering research. Nanoscale Science: Lead the nanoscale science revolution, delivering the foundations and discoveries for a future built around controlled chemical processes and materials designed one atom at a time or through self-assembly. Additional details of our program objectives are contained in the Office of Science Strategic Plan (February 2004), the Facilities for the Future of Science: A Twenty Year Outlook (November 2003), as well as the most recent Office of Science budget. BES Spring 2004 Program Plan

31 By 2015, demonstrate progress in designing, modeling, fabricating, characterizing, analyzing, assembling, and using a variety of new materials and structures, including metals, alloys, ceramics, polymers, biomaterials and more – particularly at the nanoscale – for energy-related applications. Definition of “Success” – BES-supported research leads to important discoveries that impact the course of others’ research; new knowledge and techniques, both expected and unexpected, within and across traditional disciplinary boundaries; and high-potential links across these boundaries. Definition of “Minimally Effective” – BES-supported research leads to a steady stream of outputs of good quality. By 2015, demonstrate progress in understanding, modeling, and controlling chemical reactivity and energy transfer processes in the gas phase, in solutions, at interfaces, and on surfaces for energy-related applications, employing lessons from inorganic, organic, self-assembling, and biological systems. Definition of “Success” - BES-supported research leads to important discoveries that impact the course of others’ research; new knowledge and techniques, both expected and unexpected, within and across traditional disciplinary boundaries; and high-potential links across these boundaries. Definition of “Minimally Effective” - BES-supported research leads to a steady stream of outputs of good quality. OMB Program Assessment Rating Tool Performance Measures COVs to address these long-term measures

32 By 2015, develop new concepts and improving existing methods for solar energy conversion and other major energy research needs identified in the 2003 Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee workshop report, Basic Research Needs to Assure a Secure Energy Future. Definition of “Success” - BES-supported research leads to important discoveries that are rapidly and readily available and feed, as appropriate, into use or projected use by the Department’s technology offices, by other federal agencies, and/or by the private sector. There is evidence of substantive interactions with the Department’s technology offices in most BES program areas. Definition of “Minimally effective” - BES-supported research leads to a steady stream of outputs of good quality that show the potential to impact energy research. By 2015, demonstrate progress in conceiving, designing, fabricating, and using new instruments to characterize and ultimately control materials. Definition of “Success” - BES-supported research leads to new concepts and designs for next-generation instruments and detectors for x-ray, neutron, and electron-beam scattering and for research using electric and/or magnetic fields. Definition of “Minimally effective” - BES-supported research leads to new instruments that are world class. How will progress be measured? - Expert Review every three years will rate progress as “Excellent”, “Minimally Effective” or “Insufficient”. OMB Program Assessment Rating Tool Performance Measures COVs to address these long-term measures