P. N. Vinayachandran Centre for Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences (CAOS) Indian Institute of Science (IISc) Bangalore 560 012 Summer.

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Presentation transcript:

P. N. Vinayachandran Centre for Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences (CAOS) Indian Institute of Science (IISc) Bangalore Summer School on Dynamics of North Indian Ocean June-July 2010 OGCM Application

The Unique Indian Ocean

The Indian Ocean Winds

Sea Surface Temperature

Atmospheric Convection

Salinity, December

Arabian Sea Mini Warm Pool

Indian Ocean Warm Pool Oceanic Hot Spots for Monsoon (Joseph, 1990)

Arabian Sea Mini Warm Pool

Monsoon Onset Vortex Monsoon onset over Kerala in 1998: June 2 25 May June 1998 (Deepa et al., Current Science, 2007)

Base code GFDL MOM4, 30S-30N; 30E – 120EBase code GFDL MOM4, 30S-30N; 30E – 120E Horizontal resolution: 0.25º X 0.25ºHorizontal resolution: 0.25º X 0.25º 40 Vertical Levels, 5m resolution in the top 60m40 Vertical Levels, 5m resolution in the top 60m Horizontal mixing: Chassignet and Garaffo (2001)Horizontal mixing: Chassignet and Garaffo (2001) Vertical mixing: KPP (Large et al., 1994)Vertical mixing: KPP (Large et al., 1994) Forced by daily dataForced by daily data High Resolution Indian Ocean Model Wind stress Wind speed, air temperature, humidity Incoming shortwave and longwave radiation, Chlorophyll Rainfall and river discharge

Warm pool : vertical structure (T)

Salinity Lakshadweep High Sea Level Anomaly (cm)

Warm Pool : Vertical Structure (salinity)

Shenoi et al., JGR, 1999; Rao et al., QJRMS 1999 Warm Pool Formation Hypothesis: Salinity effects

Mechanisms : Effect of Salinity Fixed Salinity (35psu) Experiment

Mechanisms : Mixed Layer Heat Budget Vialard and Delelcluse, 1998

Mechanisms : Mixed Layer Heat Budget

Mechanisms : Effect of Orography and Winds Net Heat Flux (W/m2) Wind Stress (Pa) Fields averaged over November-February period. What is the impact of this low winter cooling on spring warming ?

Model Experiments NWG_Winter - WIND, air temperature, and specific humidity over SEAS are replaced by mean value over Wbox during Nov-Feb period NWG_March – Same as NWG_winter, but the forcing fields are modified only for the month of March Mechanisms : Effect of Orography and Winds

Mechanisms : Effect of Mountains v/s salinity

Conclusion The formation of the mini warm pool in the Arabian Sea is due to the orographic effects of Sahydris (Western Ghats). Salinity effects are not necessary for its formation. Kurian, J. and P. N. Vinayachandran, 2007: J. Geophys. Res., 112, C Kurian, J. and P. N. Vinayachandran, 2006: Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L Vinayachandran, P. N. and J. Kurian, 2007: Deep Sea Res. Part I, 54, Vinayachandran, P. N., et al. 2007: Curr. Sci., 93(2), Details in …

Intra-seasonal Cooling In the Southern Tropical Indian Ocean

South Indian Ocean Intra-seasonal Cooling

Evidence from Argo floats for upwelling/entrainment

Evidence from SeaWiFS chl for upwelling/entrainment

Vertical Processes Air-sea fluxes Obs. Processes

Conclusion Mixed layer cooling originating from upwelling and entrainment are crucial in determining intraseasonal cooling events in the southern tropical Indian Ocean Vinayachandran and Saji, GRL, 2008

Thank You Journals Conferences Conferences