What’s the MATTER Classify Matter

Matter, Classify Matter At the conclusion of our time together, you should be able to: Classify a mixture of matter based on their physical and chemical properties Characterize various types of matter

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Types of Matter Pure Substance- Matter with a fixed composition It has distinct properties Examples = elements compounds

Types of Matter Mixtures- Most matter is a mixture The composition is not fixed (changes from sample to sample) Two Types – Homogeneous Heterogeneous

Homogeneous Mixtures Composition is uniform throughout Solution- Particle size = 0.01 – 1 nm Doesn’t settle out upon standing Can’t be separated by filtering Doesn’t scatter light Example = salt water

Homogeneous Mixtures Colloid- Particle size = 1 – 1000 nm Doesn’t settle out upon standing Can’t be separated by filtering Scatters light (Tyndall Effect) Examples = milk, gelatin, smoke

Heterogeneous Mixtures - Suspension The sample varies in composition, properties and appearance No uniformity If a suspension: Particle size is greater than 1000 nm Particles settle out upon standing Can be separated by filtration Might scatter light Examples = soil, trail mix, pond water

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Let’s Look at Some Examples: Mixtures are variable combinations of 2 or more pure substances. Heterogeneous – visibly separate phases Homogeneous – Same throughout

Pure substance vs. Mixture Only ONE element has 2 or more or compound. elements/ (distilled water) compounds.

Distilled Water is a compound. an element. a solution. a mixture.

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Air is a mixture of several gases. Name Formula amount Nitrogen N2 78 % Oxygen O2 21 % Argon Ar 1 % Carbon CO2 0.03 % Dioxide

Noble (inert) Gas Air is a mixture of several gases Name Formula Amount Neon Ne 0.002 % Methane CH4 0.0002 % Helium He 0.000524 % Krypton Kr 0.000114 % Hydrogen H2 0.00005 % Xenon Xe 0.0000087 % Noble (inert) Gas

Atoms are NOT the same as molecules. Air and oxygen are NOT the same. Helium and hot air are NOT the same.

Helium and hot air are NOT the same.

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What’s the MATTER Classify Matter Let’s Put it All Together in a Chart!!

MATTER No Yes Can it be physically separated? MIXTURE PURE SUBSTANCE Is the composition uniform? No Yes Can it be chemically decomposed? No Yes Homo- geneous Mixture (solution) Hetero- geneous Mixture Compound Element Suspensions Colloids

Solution Solvent Solute H2O NaCl

O E R SolVent SolUte The chemical The chemical in a solution in a solution that makes up that makes up the greatest part. the least part. N D E R

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Solvent Concentration the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent. Low------------------- High dilute dy loot concentrated

Solubility -how likely it is for a solute to dissolve in a solvent. insoluble soluble Low High

Solvent Solute Crystal The Solution Process Legend Cation Anion Salt Water

Several Types of Solutions Salt in water 3M HCl Seltzer water Alloys Air Humid air Solid/liquid Liquid/liquid Gas/liquid Solid/solid Gas/gas Liquid/gas

I don’t feel so stupid now…

Matter, Classify Matter Let’s see if you can: Classify a mixture of matter based on their physical and chemical properties Characterize various types of matter

Putting sand and salt together makes a compound. an element. a mixture. a solution.

Pure Water is a compound. an element. a solution. a mixture.

Tap Water is a compound. an element. a solution. a mixture.

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An atom is to an element, as a molecule is to a metal. nonmetal. metalloid. compound.

If different kinds of atoms are represented by different colored dots, which picture represents a sample of a compound?

If different kinds of atoms are represented by different colored dots, which picture below represents a mixture?

Which of the following illustrations represents a pure substance?

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Salt (NaCl) is a common substance. Salt is which of these? atom element compound mixture

A chocolate chip cookie is an example of a __________, A chocolate chip cookie is an example of a __________, because ______________. a. compound, the ingredients are chemically bonded. b. compound, it is the same throughout. c. mixture, you can separate out the chips. d. mixture, you cannot distinguish between the ingredients.

Which formulas represent compounds? O2, H2O2 CO2, H2O H2, CO2 H2, O2

Which of the following is a compound? oxygen water nitrogen air

I don’t feel so stupid now…