Friendly Alert: Test # 2, this Friday (11 April 14) covers Indonesia and Japan (Review sheets & PowerPoint Slides posted on web)
The World
Africa (physical features)
Africa (population density)
Africa (climate)
Languages of the World
Language Groups of Africa
Bantu languages – Southern Africa (400 languages, 100 million speakers) LanguageApprox. # of speakersMain geographic area Fang Cameroon, Gabon BoulouCameroon EwondoCameroon Douala Cameroon Bamileke2 millionCameroon Luva6.3 millionCongo-Kinshasa Tshiluba6 millionCongo-Kinshasa Lingala8 millionCentral African Republic, Congo-Brazzaville, Congo-Kinshasa Kikongo6 millionAngola, Congo-Brazzaville, Congo-Kinshasa Kituba5 millionCongo (South) Luganda4 millionUganda MakouaUganda Kinyarwanda-Kirundi15 millionRwanda, Burundi
Bantu languages – Southern Africa (cont’d) LanguageApprox. # of speakersMain geographic area Swahili30 millionTanzania, Kenya, Uganda, Congo DR, Rwanda, Burundi Kikouyou4.6 millionKenya SukumaTanzania BembaZambia Nyanja (chewa, chinyanja) 3.2 millionMalawi, Zambia Kimbundu3 millionAngola Umbundu4 millionAngola Shona10 millionMozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe Sotho3.5 millionSouth Africa Tswana3 millionSouth Africa, Botswana Zulu5 millionSouth Africa Ndebele1 millionZimbabwe, South Africa Xhosa4 millionSouth Africa Comorian languages Comoros
MAJOR TRIBES OF AFRICA (1) AfarEthiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, Somalia AmharaCentral highland plateau of Ethiopia Anlo-EweSE corner of Ghana AshantiCentral Ghana BakongoAtlantic coast of Africa from Pointe-Noire, Republic of Congo to Luanda, Angola BambaraMali BembaNE Zambia BerberMorocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt BoboW Burkina Faso, Mali ChewaZambia, Zimbabwe, Malawi DogonSE Mali, Burkina Faso FonBenin FulaniWest Africa
MAJOR TRIBES OF AFRICA (2) IboNigeria KikuyuKenya MandinkaSenegal, The Gambia, Mali, Guinea-Bissau, Burkina Faso, Cote d’Ivoire MasaiEast Africa PygmyDemocratic Republic of Congo, Cameroon, Gabon, Central African Republic, Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda, Republic of Congo SamburuKenya SanKalahari Desert in southern Africa SenufoN Cote d’Ivoire, Mali TuaregN Mali WolofSenegal YorubaSW Nigeria, Benin ZuluSouth Africa
African Tribal Groups (1929)
West African Tribes
More African Tribal Groups East Africa (Tanzania)West Central Africa (Congo River Basin)
Benin (West Africa) Political Tribal groups
Africa (Colonial)
Africa (political)
General African Music Traits Emphasis on Rhythm Use of Percussion Density of Timbre (“buzzy sound”) Use of Ostinato Use of interlocking parts Call and Response Controlled Improvisation
Mbira Plucked Idiophone Lamellaphone (Lamella = “Tongue”) Mbira – common name in Zimbabwe and most of Sub-Saharan Africa Called Kalimba in Kenya, Ikembe in Rwanda, Likembe in Congo Called “thumb piano,” “gourd piano,” “finger harp,” etc. in West
Mbira
Zimbabwe (formerly Rhodesia)
Mineral Reserves (South Africa)
A Shona Village
Shona Farmlands
Bira
Ceremony for spirit of a dead ancestor Burial of the body (flesh = black shadow) Worm (gonye) emerges from grave and the spirit (white shadow) wanders about 1 year Bira (ceremony) – welcomes spirit home - food (ground corn & meat, beer, etc.) - music (played by Mbira and Hosho) Spirit admitted back into family circle
Mbira on YouTube Mbira - Spirit of the People (Thomas Mapfumo, Oliver Mtukudzi)Mbira - Spirit of the People (Thomas Mapfumo, Oliver Mtukudzi) YouTube - Lessons from the Mbira at Duke UniversityYouTube - Lessons from the Mbira at Duke University