J.R. Marko and D.B. Fissel ASL Environmental Sciences Inc. Sidney B.C. Canada Martin Jasek BC Hydro Ltd. ASL Shallow Water Ice Profiler SWIP-5.

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Presentation transcript:

J.R. Marko and D.B. Fissel ASL Environmental Sciences Inc. Sidney B.C. Canada Martin Jasek BC Hydro Ltd. ASL Shallow Water Ice Profiler SWIP-5

Peace River Acoustic Studies initiated in Nov.2004 to monitor ice growth with the SWIPS (Shallow Water Ice Profiling Sonar), a shore-based, realtime version of ASL’s IPS a marine Upward Looking Sonar profiler Operated by recording returns of 235 kHz acoustic pulses to detected ranges to ice undersurface to estimate draft (with aid of hydrostatic and atmospheric pressure data)

Self-Contained Deployment Configuration

SWIP Pressure Housing / Transducer

IPS5Link Software

Acoustic Range and Ice Draft Data

results showed both significant internal structure in ice cover AND evidence of weak detection of frazil particles in water column

Frazil returns relatively uniform or even bottom weighted in water column in supercooling intervals prior to ice cover formation BUT concentrated in upper 1 m late in ice covered season

results and BC Hydro’s interests in water column frazil motivated adjacent deployments of the 235khz (SWIPS1) and a higher frequency (545 kHz) SWIPS2 instrument.  Higher SWIPS2 frequency raises sensitivity to small particles (cross-section proportional to f 4 )  Both instruments equipped with electric heaters to minimize beam interruption by anchor ice  heater results: Mixed (SWIPS2 heater was turned off, SWIPS1 solved old problem but not another) Self-Contained Deployment Configuration

Early season results showed benefits of higher frequency … higher sensitivity to frazil by about 31 dB as predicted 235 KHz unit data- Low frequency results show weak returns from the water column (depths < 2.94m). Simultaneous 546 kHz data- High frequency results show full range of return variability in same intervals (depths < 4.8 m).

SWIP Water Level Data Requires Atmospheric Pressure Data from Regional Weather Station

SWIPS-1001BC Hydro- Converted to SWIPS SWIPS-1002BC Hydro- Converted to SWIPS SWIPS5-3003Makivik SWIPS5-3004University of Alberta SWIPS5-3005BC Hydro (Upgrade SWIPS1002) SWIPS5-3006University of Waterloo SWIPS5-3007Environment Canada SWIPS5-3008University of Alberta SWIPS5-3009Case Western Reserve Univ. SWIPS5-3010CERI Japan 3011BC Hydro 3012 Environment Canada National Water Research Institute SWIP Customers