The Science of Psychology Chapter 1 Section 1 Pages 1-9.

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The Science of Psychology Chapter 1 Section 1 Pages 1-9

Objectives-#3 Explain what psychology is and what it is not Describe the genesis or beginning of psychology and identify the key figures (Wundt, James, Freud) List the (5) major theoretical perspectives of psychology

Lets start at the beginning… Psychology- the discipline concerned with behavior and mental processes and how they are affected by an organisms physical state, mental state and external environment Research Testable Like saying car is vehicle for transport… without saying different than bus or train, ford different than Ferrari, and how catalytic converter works.

What Psych. Is NOT popular psych- self-help books, talk shows Graphology (handwriting analysis), fortune telling, numerology, and astrology…NOT 1 Psychic or astrologer predicted events of Sep, 11. Common sense is sometimes WRONG! Psych IS empirical evidence- Gathered by careful observation, experimentation and measurement

Not psych

Nope

First Psychology Lab 1879, Leipzig Germany: William Wundt (VIL-helm Voont) ( ) Used trained introspection: subjects carefully observe, analyze, and describe their own sensations, mental images, emotional reactions. Break down (ANALYZE) behavior into basic elements. Negitive is analysis to subjective: Only rich, German, Males Positive is Spawns N.American psychologists

Wundt’s lab

More early psych approaches Functionalism- function or purpose of behavior Father of functionalism= William James William James- ( ) American philosopher, physician, psychiatrist Inspired by Charles Darwin ( ) How actions assist an animal or person adapt to the environment? Positive- cause and consequences (effects) of behavior sets course of psych.

William James- Functionalism

Psychotherapy- Psychoanalysis Vienna, Austria Others in labs, working on psy.science Sigmund Freud- Neurologist, LISTINING to his patients Nervous habits, problems, depression WORD ASSOCIATION Thought mind caused problems not body

How was your day?

Major Psychological perspectives Biological perspective Learning perspective Cognitive perspective Sociocultural perspective Psychodynamic perspective chapter 1

Psychology’s Present (5 major theoretical perspectives 1. Biological- Body events affect behavior, feelings, thoughts. Nervous system, electrical impulses. Specialty: evolutionary psychology- functionalism+ genetics Body interacts with environment

2.Learning Perspective- how the environment and experiences effect Our human, animal actions 2 different learning perspectives= Behaviorists focus on rewards, punishments Social cognitive learning- focus on thoughts, values, intentions society teaches us (baby- boy blue) many practical apps

3. Cognitive Perspective What goes on in peoples heads Reason, understand, remember, explain experiences, acquire moral standards…How did you know? “Cognitive” Latin for “to know” Mental process: thinking effects behavior and feelings

4. Sociocultural perspective Social and cultural forces How we kiss, how we eat, treat other people, run households Study the “water” people swim in everyday Thoughts, feelings, behavior

5. Psychodynamic Perspective Unconscious dynamic within individual Inner forces, conflict, instinctual energy Freud= psychodynamic Emotional states The Thumb on the hand of Psychology

Other recent additions Humanistic psychology Newer, 1960’s Free will, personal growth, resilience Positive psychology

Questions? SUMMARY TIME! What is psychology Key figures Approaches

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